Asphalt cold patch road construction is a project involving multiple steps and key points. The following is a detailed introduction to the construction process:
I. Material preparation
Asphalt cold patch material selection: Select appropriate asphalt cold patch material according to the road damage, traffic flow and climatic conditions. High-quality cold patch materials should have good adhesion, water resistance, weather resistance and sufficient strength to ensure that the repaired road surface can withstand vehicle loads and environmental changes.
Auxiliary tool preparation: Prepare cleaning tools (such as brooms, hair dryers), cutting tools (such as cutters), compaction equipment (such as manual or electric tampers, rollers, depending on the repair area), measuring tools (such as tape measures), marking pens and safety protection equipment (such as safety helmets, reflective vests, gloves, etc.).
II. Construction steps
(1). Site survey and base treatment:
1. Survey the construction site, understand the terrain, climate and other conditions, and formulate a suitable construction plan.
2. Remove debris, dust, etc. on the surface of the base to ensure that the base is dry, clean and oil-free.
(2). Determine the excavation location of the pit and clean up the debris:
1. Determine the excavation location of the pit and mill or cut the surrounding area.
2. Clean up the gravel and waste residue in and around the pit to be repaired until a solid surface is seen. At the same time, there should be no debris such as mud and ice in the pit.
The principle of "square repair for round pits, straight repair for inclined pits, and combined repair for continuous pits" should be followed when digging the pit to ensure that the repaired pit has neat cutting edges to avoid looseness and edge gnawing due to uneven pit edges.

(3). Apply primer:
Apply primer to the damaged area to enhance the adhesion between the patch and the road surface.
(4). Spread cold patch material:
According to the design requirements, evenly spread the asphalt cold patch material to ensure uniform thickness.
If the depth of the road pit is greater than 5cm, it should be filled in layers and compacted layer by layer, with each layer of 3~5cm being appropriate.
After filling, the center of the pit should be slightly higher than the surrounding road surface and in an arc shape to prevent dents. For municipal road repairs, the input of cold patch materials can be increased by about 10% or 20%.
(5). Compaction treatment:
1. According to the actual environment, the size and depth of the repair area, select appropriate compaction tools and methods for compaction.
2. For larger potholes, steel wheel rollers or vibrating rollers can be used for compaction; for smaller potholes, iron tamping can be used for compaction.
3. After compaction, the repaired area should be smooth, flat, and free of wheel marks. The surroundings and corners of the potholes must be compacted and free of looseness. The compaction degree of ordinary road repairs must reach more than 93%, and the compaction degree of highway repairs must reach more than 95%.
(6_. Watering maintenance:
According to the weather conditions and material properties, water is sprayed appropriately for maintenance to ensure that the asphalt cold patch material is fully solidified.
(7_. Static maintenance and opening to traffic:
1. After compaction, the repair area needs to be maintained for a period of time. Generally speaking, after rolling two to three times and standing for 1 to 2 hours, pedestrians can pass. Vehicles can be allowed to drive depending on the solidification of the road surface.
2. After the repair area is opened to traffic, the asphalt cold patch material will continue to be compacted. After a period of traffic, the repair area will be at the same height as the original road surface.
3. Precautions
1. Temperature influence: The effect of cold patching materials is greatly affected by temperature. Try to carry out construction during periods of high temperature to improve the adhesion and compaction effect of the materials. When constructing in a low temperature environment, preheating measures can be taken, such as using a hot air gun to preheat the potholes and cold patching materials.
2. Humidity control: Make sure that the repair area is dry and water-free to avoid affecting the adhesion of the cold patching materials. On rainy days or when the humidity is high, construction should be suspended or rain shelter measures should be taken.
3. Safety protection: Construction personnel should wear safety protection equipment and abide by safety operating procedures to ensure construction safety. At the same time, pay attention to environmental protection to avoid pollution of the surrounding environment by construction waste.
4. Post-maintenance
After the repair is completed, regularly inspect and maintain the repair area to promptly detect and deal with new damage or cracks. For minor wear or aging, local repair measures can be taken; for large-area damage, re-repair treatment is required. In addition, strengthening daily road maintenance work, such as regular cleaning and drainage system maintenance, can effectively extend the service life of the road and reduce the frequency of repairs.
In summary, asphalt cold patch road construction needs to strictly follow the construction steps and precautions to ensure the construction quality. At the same time, post-maintenance is also an important part of ensuring the service life of the road and driving safety.