Juya tara da bitumen zuwa kwalta don gina tituna yana buƙatar tsarin hada zafi. Shuka hadawar kwalta yana da makawa don wannan. Manufar shukar hadakar kwalta ita ce haxa jimillar da kwalta tare a yanayin zafi mai zafi don samar da cakuɗen kwalta mai kama da juna. Ƙimar da aka yi amfani da ita na iya zama abu guda ɗaya, haɗuwa da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira, tare da ko ba tare da ma'adinan ma'adinai ba. Abun ɗaure da ake amfani da shi yawanci kwalta ne amma yana iya zama emulsion na kwalta ko ɗaya daga cikin kayan gyara iri-iri. Additives iri-iri, gami da ruwa da kayan foda, kuma ana iya haɗa su cikin cakuda.

Akwai ƙarin shahararrun nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu haɗewar kwalta guda uku a halin yanzu: haɗaɗɗen tsari, haɗaɗɗen ganga, da haɗaɗɗen ganga mai ci gaba. Dukkan nau'ikan guda uku suna aiki da manufa ɗaya ta ƙarshe, kuma cakuda kwalta yakamata ya kasance kama da gaske ba tare da la'akari da nau'in shukar da aka yi amfani da shi don kera ta ba. Nau'ikan tsire-tsire guda uku sun bambanta, duk da haka, a cikin aiki da kwararar kayan aiki, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin sassan da ke gaba.

Batch Mix Kwalta Shuka
Kamfanin hada kwalta shine kayan aiki mai mahimmanci ga kowane kamfani na ginin hanya. Duk wani nau'in kwalta batch mix shuka shuka yana da ayyuka da yawa. Tsire-tsire na Kwalta Batch suna samar da kwalta mai zafi a cikin jerin batches. Waɗannan tsire-tsire masu haɗe-haɗe suna samar da kwalta mai zafi a cikin ci gaba da tsari. Yana yiwuwa a canza da amfani da wannan kayan aiki don samar da kwalta mai zafi ta amfani da kayan da aka sake yin fa'ida. Nau'in nau'in tsire-tsire suna da bambance-bambance a cikin su waɗanda ke ba da izinin ƙari na RAP (Pavement na kwalta da aka dawo da shi). Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na daidaitaccen batch mix shuka sune: tsarin sanyi, tsarin samar da kwalta, na'urar bushewa, hasumiya mai haɗawa, da tsarin sarrafa iska. Hasumiyar shukar batch ta ƙunshi lif mai zafi, bene na allo, kwanon zafi, hopper mai awo, guga awo na kwalta, da kuma injin bugu. Ana cire jimlar da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin haɗe-haɗe daga tarkace kuma a sanya shi a cikin kwandon abinci mai sanyi. An ba da ɗimbin ɗimbin girma dabam-dabam daga cikin kwandon su ta hanyar haɗuwa da girman buɗe ƙofar da ke ƙasan kowane kwandon da kuma saurin bel ɗin da ke ƙarƙashin kwandon. Gabaɗaya, bel ɗin mai ciyarwa a ƙarƙashin kowane kwandon shara yana ajiye jimlar akan ma'adanin jigilar kaya da ke ƙarƙashin duk kwandon abinci mai sanyi. Ana jigilar jimlar ta hanyar jigilar kaya kuma a tura shi zuwa na'urar caji. Ana ɗaukar kayan da ke kan na'urar caji har zuwa na'urar bushewa.

Na'urar bushewa tana aiki akan tsarin da ba a so. An shigar da tara a cikin na'urar bushewa a ƙarshen babba kuma an saukar da ganga ta duka jujjuyawar ganga (gudanar nauyi) da tsarin jirgin cikin na'urar bushewa. Mai ƙonawa yana a ƙarshen ƙarshen na'urar bushewa, kuma iskar gas ɗin da ke fitowa daga tsarin konewa da bushewa suna motsawa zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen na'urar, a kan (ƙidaya zuwa) magudanar tara. Yayin da tarin ke rushewa ta cikin iskar gas, kayan yana zafi kuma ya bushe. Ana cire danshi kuma ana fitar da shi daga na'urar bushewa a matsayin wani ɓangare na rafin iskar gas.

Za a fitar da tara mai zafi, busasshiyar daga na'urar bushewa a ƙananan ƙarshen. Yawan zafi mai zafi ana jigilar shi zuwa saman hasumiya mai hadawa da injin guga. Bayan fitarwa daga lif, jimlar yawanci tana wucewa ta cikin saitin fuska mai girgiza cikin, yawanci, ɗaya daga cikin ɗakunan ajiya masu zafi guda huɗu. Mafi kyawun kayan tarawa yana tafiya kai tsaye ta cikin dukkan fuska a cikin kwanon zafi mai lamba 1; an raba ɓangarorin daɗaɗɗen jimlar jimlar
allon fuska daban-daban kuma an saka shi cikin ɗayan sauran kwanon zafi. Rarraba tarawa a cikin kwandon zafi ya dogara da girman girman buɗewa a cikin allon da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin allon allo da kuma ƙaddamar da haɗin gwiwa a cikin kwandon sanyi.

Jimillar mai zafi, busasshen, da girmanta ana riƙe su a cikin kwanon zafi har sai an fitar da su daga wata kofa da ke ƙasan kowane kwandon cikin ma'aunin nauyi. Madaidaicin madaidaicin kowane tara ana ƙaddara ta nauyi.
A daidai lokacin da ake auna gwargwado da auna gwal din, ana zub da kwalta daga tankin ajiyarsa zuwa wani bukitin nauyi daban daban wanda ke kan hasumiyar da ke sama da famfon. Ana auna adadin abin da ya dace a cikin guga kuma a riƙe shi har sai an zubar da shi a cikin pugmill. Adadin da ke cikin ma'aunin nauyi ana zubar da shi a cikin tagwaye-shaft pugmill, kuma ana haɗa nau'ikan juzu'i daban-daban na ɗan gajeren lokaci - yawanci ƙasa da daƙiƙa 5. Bayan wannan ɗan gajeren lokacin haɗaɗɗen bushewa, kwalta daga guga mai auna tana fitowa.

a cikin pugmill, kuma lokacin rigar-mix ya fara. Lokacin hadawa don haɗa kwalta tare da tara bai kamata ya wuce abin da ake buƙata don rufe ɓangarorin gaba ɗaya tare da fim na bakin ciki na kayan kwalta-yawanci a cikin kewayon 25 zuwa 35 seconds, tare da ƙaramin ƙarshen wannan kewayon. kasancewa ga injin daskarewa mai kyau. Girman batch ɗin da aka gauraya a cikin injin pugmill na iya zama cikin kewayon 1.81 zuwa 5.44 ton (ton 2 zuwa 6).
Lokacin da aka gama hadawa, ana buɗe ƙofofin da ke ƙasan injin ɗin, sannan a fitar da wannan cakuda a cikin abin hawa ko kuma a cikin na'urar jigilar da ke ɗauke da haɗaɗɗen zuwa silo wanda za a loda manyan motoci a cikin tsari. Don yawancin tsire-tsire, lokacin da ake buƙata don buɗe ƙofofin pugmill da fitar da haɗin yana kusan 5 zuwa 7 seconds. Jimlar lokacin haɗawa (lokacin bushe-bushe + lokacin haɗaɗɗen rigar + lokacin fitarwa) na tsari na iya zama gajere kamar daƙiƙa 40, amma yawanci, jimlar lokacin haɗawa yana kusan daƙiƙa 45.

An sanye da injin ɗin tare da na'urorin sarrafa hayaƙi, wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin tattarawa na farko da na sakandare. Ana amfani da busasshen tarawa ko akwatin bugawa azaman mai tarawa na farko. Ko dai tsarin tsabtace jika ko, sau da yawa, tsarin tace busassun masana'anta (baghouse) za a iya amfani da shi azaman tsarin tattarawa na biyu don cire abubuwan da ba su da yawa daga iskar gas ɗin da ke fitowa daga na'urar bushewa kuma aika iska mai tsabta zuwa yanayin ta wurin tari. .
Idan an shigar da RAP a cikin mahaɗin, ana sanya shi a cikin wani kwanon abinci daban-daban na sanyi wanda aka kai ga shuka. Ana iya ƙara RAP zuwa sabon jimlar a ɗayan wurare uku: kasan lif mai zafi; kwanon zafi; ko, galibi, ma'aunin nauyi. Canja wurin zafi tsakanin sabon tarawa mai zafi da kayan da aka kwato yana farawa da zaran kayan biyu sun haɗu kuma suna ci gaba yayin aikin haɗawa a cikin pugmill.


Drum Mix Kwalta Shuka
Kwatanta tare da nau'in tsari, shukar drum mix kwalta yana da ƙarancin hasara mai zafi, ƙananan ƙarfin aiki, babu ambaliya, ƙarancin ƙura mai tashi da kuma kula da yanayin zafi. Tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik yana daidaita ƙimar kwalta ta atomatik bisa ga yawan magudanar ruwa da kuma saitin kwalta-aggregates rabon da aka rigaya, don tabbatar da daidaitaccen fitarwa. Kwalta drum mix shuka shine nau'ikan tsire-tsire waɗanda aka karkasa su azaman tsire-tsire masu ci gaba, suna samar da kwalta mai zafi a cikin ci gaba da tsari.

Yawanci tsarin ciyarwar sanyi akan batch HMA da tsire-tsire-cakudawa suna kama da juna. Kowanne ya ƙunshi kwanon sanyi, masu isar da abinci, jigilar kaya, da na'urar caji. A kan yawancin tsire-tsire-mix na ganga da kuma a kan wasu tsire-tsire, an haɗa allon fatar jiki a cikin tsarin a wani lokaci. Idan kuma ana ciyar da RAP a cikin shuka don samar da haɗin da aka sake yin fa'ida, ƙarin kwandon abinci mai sanyi ko bins, bel ɗin ciyarwa da / ko na'ura mai taruwa, allon fatar fuska, da na'ura mai caji suna da mahimmanci don ɗaukar ƙarin kayan. Ganyayyaki-mix sun ƙunshi manyan sassa biyar: tsarin ciyar da sanyi, tsarin samar da kwalta, mahaɗar ganga, ƙara ko silo mai ajiya, da kayan sarrafa iska.

Ana amfani da kwandon abinci mai sanyi don daidaita kayan da shuka. Ana amfani da bel mai saurin ciyarwa a ƙarƙashin kowane bin. Ana iya sarrafa adadin jimlar da aka zana daga kowane kwandon haka ta hanyar girman buɗe kofa da saurin bel ɗin ciyarwa don samar da ingantaccen isar da kayan daban-daban. Adadin da ke kan kowane bel ɗin ciyarwa ana ajiye shi a kan na'ura mai ɗaukar nauyi wanda ke gudana ƙarƙashin dukkan kwandon abinci mai sanyi. Abubuwan da aka haɗa galibi ana wucewa ta fuskar allo sannan a tura su zuwa na'urar caji don jigilar kaya zuwa mahaɗin ganga.

Na'urar cajin tana da na'urori guda biyu waɗanda ake amfani da su don tantance adadin jimlar da ake isarwa shuka: gada mai awo da ke ƙarƙashin bel ɗin na'urar tana auna nauyin jimlar da ke wucewa, kuma na'urar firikwensin yana tantance saurin bel ɗin. Ana amfani da waɗannan dabi'u guda biyu don ƙididdige jigon nauyin jigon, a cikin ton (ton) a kowace awa, shigar da mahaɗin ganga. Kwamfutar shuka, tare da adadin danshi a cikin tara wanda aka tanadar azaman ƙimar shigarwa, yana canza nauyin rigar zuwa bushewar nauyi don tantance daidai adadin kwalta da ake buƙata a cikin mahaɗin.

Na'ura mai haɗawa ta drum na al'ada tsarin layi ɗaya ne - iskar iskar gas da jimillar suna tafiya a hanya guda. Mai ƙonewa yana a saman ƙarshen (ƙarshen mashigai) na ganga. Jumlar tana shiga cikin ganga ko dai daga maƙarƙashiya a sama da mai konewa ko kuma a kan abin da ake kira Slinger a ƙarƙashin mai ƙonewa. Ana matsar da jimlar zuwa ƙasa ta hanyar haɗakar nauyi da daidaitawar jiragen da ke cikin ganga. Yayin da yake tafiya, jimlar tana zafi kuma ana cire danshi. An gina babban mayafin tara a kusa da tsakiyar tsakiyar tsayin ganga don taimakawa wajen aiwatar da canjin zafi.

Idan an ƙara RAP zuwa sabon jimillar, ana ajiye shi daga nasa kwandon abinci mai sanyi da kuma na'urar jigilar kaya zuwa mashigar da ke kusa da tsakiyar tsayin ganga (tsarin rarraba abinci). A cikin wannan tsari, kayan da aka kwato ana kiyaye su daga iskar gas mai zafi ta hanyar mayafin sabon jimillar jimillar mashigin RAP. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da haɗe-haɗe tare da babban abun ciki na RAP, yana yiwuwa a yi zafi fiye da RAP a cikin tsari. Wannan na iya haifar da hayaki da ke fitowa daga ganga ko lalacewa ga RAP.

Sabuwar tarawa da kayan da aka kwato, idan an yi amfani da su, a matsa tare zuwa ɓangaren baya na ganga. Ana ciro kwalta daga tankin ajiya ta hanyar famfo kuma a ciyar da ita ta mita, inda aka ƙayyade girman kwalta da ya dace. Ana isar da kayan daurin ta hanyar bututu zuwa baya na ganga mai hadewa, inda ake allurar kwalta a kan jimillar. Rubutun tara yana faruwa yayin da kayan ke haɗuwa tare kuma an motsa su zuwa ƙarshen fitarwa na ganga. Ma'adinan ma'adinai ko tarar gidan jaka, ko duka biyun, ana kuma kara su a bayan ganga, ko dai kafin ko a hade tare da kari na kwalta.

Ana ajiye haɗewar kwalta a cikin na'urar jigilar kaya (mai ɗaukar bel, mai ɗaukar bel, ko lif) don jigilar kaya zuwa silo mai ajiya. Silo yana jujjuya ci gaba da gudana na gauraya zuwa magudanar ruwa don fitarwa cikin abin hawa.

Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da nau'in nau'in kayan sarrafa hayaki iri ɗaya akan masana'antar hada-hadar drum kamar yadda ake amfani da injin batch. Za a iya amfani da mai tara busasshen fari da ko dai tsarin wanke-wanke mai jika ko kuma mai tarin jaka na biyu. Idan an yi amfani da tsarin goge jika, tara tara ba za a iya sake yin fa'ida ba a cikin mahaɗin kuma an ɓata; idan an yi amfani da gidan jaka, za a iya mayar da tarar da aka tattara gabaɗaya ko a wani ɓangare zuwa ga ganga mai gauraya, ko kuma a barnata.


Ci gaba da Mix Kwalta Shuka
A cikin ci gaba da tsire-tsire babu wani katsewa a cikin zagayowar samarwa kamar yadda yanayin samarwa ba ya karye cikin batches. Haɗin kayan yana faruwa a cikin drum na bushewa wanda yake elongated, yayin da yake bushewa da haɗuwa da kayan a lokaci guda. Tun da babu hasumiya mai haɗawa ko masu hawan hawa, don haka tsarin ya sauƙaƙa sosai, tare da raguwar farashin kulawa. Rashin allon duk da haka ya sa ya zama dole a sami madaidaicin sarrafawa a farkon zagayowar samarwa, kafin a ciyar da aggregates a cikin na'urar bushewa kuma kafin a fitar da su daga na'urar busar da asphalt.

MATSALAR GIRGATE
Kama da batch kwalta shuka shuka,
da samar da sake zagayowar na ci gaba da tsire-tsire aslo farawa da sanyi feeders, inda aggregates gaba ɗaya metered by girma; idan an buƙata, ana iya sanya mai cire yashi tare da bel mai auna don ƙididdigewa.
Sarrafa jimlar nauyin tarin budurwar, duk da haka, ana aiwatar da shi a cikin matakai daban-daban guda biyu na zagayowar samarwa a cikin tsire-tsire guda biyu daban-daban. A cikin nau'in ci gaba akwai bel ɗin ciyarwa, kafin a ciyar da ɗimbin ɗigon ruwa a cikin busar bushewa, inda aka saita abun ciki da hannu da hannu don ba da damar rage nauyin ruwa. Don haka yana da matuƙar mahimmanci don abubuwan da ke cikin tari, musamman yashi, su kasance da ƙima akai-akai wanda ake sa ido akai akai ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje akai-akai.

MATSALAR BITUMEN
A cikin tsire-tsire masu ci gaba, ma'aunin bitumen gabaɗaya yana ƙayyadaddun ƙima ta hanyar juzu'in lita na gaba zuwa famfon ciyarwa. A madadin, yana yiwuwa a shigar da ƙira mai yawa, zaɓi mai mahimmanci idan an yi amfani da bitumen da aka gyara, wanda ke buƙatar ayyukan tsaftacewa akai-akai.

Filler metering
A cikin ci gaba da tsire-tsire tsarin aunawa yawanci yana da ƙarfi, ta amfani da screws masu saurin ciyarwa waɗanda suka maye gurbin tsarin awo na pneumatic na baya.

Control Panel shine nau'in PLC a duk tsire-tsire na fitarwa. Wannan ƙari ne mai girma saboda za mu iya keɓance PLC kamar yadda ake buƙata. Mai haɗa drum ɗin da aka sanye da panel PLC na'ura ce ta daban fiye da shuka tare da panel microprocessor. PLC panel shima kyauta ne idan aka kwatanta da panel microprocessor. A koyaushe muna yin imani da ba da mafi kyawun abokan ciniki don su ci gaba da gaba da gasar su. Ba duk masana'antun da masu fitar da shuke-shuken kwalta ba ne ke ba da shuka tare da panel PLC.

Kafin gwajin duk tsire-tsire ana yin su don tabbatar da cewa duk abin da ya bar masana'antarmu a shirye yake don yin aiki tare da ƙarancin matsala a wurin.

Sinoroader yana da fiye da shekaru 30 na ƙwarewar masana'antu da samfur wanda ke goyan bayan sabis na ƙwararru da rahusa mai rahusa don ku ƙaunaci da amfani da kayan aikin ku na shekaru masu zuwa.