Yadda ake fahimtar kwalta kuma menene amfaninsa?
Kwalta ruwa ne mai ɗanɗano sosai tare da baƙar fata kuma yana narkewa a cikin carbon disulfide (ruwa mai rawaya-rawaya, ruwa mai ƙamshi). Sau da yawa suna wanzuwa ta hanyar kwalta ko kwalta.
Ana iya raba kwalta galibi zuwa nau'ikan guda uku: farar kwalta, kwalta na man fetur da kwalta na halitta: daga cikinsu, farar kwalta ta samo asali ne ta hanyar coking. Kwalta ta man fetur ita ce ragowar bayan da aka narkar da danyen mai. Ana adana kwalta ta halitta a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, kuma wasu suna yin ma'adinan ma'adinai ko taruwa a saman ɓawon ƙasa.
Ana samun bitumen a cikin nau'in kwalta ta hanyar tace danyen mai ta hanyar raguwa. Suna da wuraren tafasa a cikin ɗanyen mai kuma abubuwa ne masu nauyi a cikin ɗanyen mai, don haka za a same su a ƙasan hasumiya mai juzu'i.
Kwalta a cikin nau'i na kwalta ana samun ta ta hanyar magance kwayoyin halitta (mafi yawa kwal) ta hanyar carbonization.
Ana yawan amfani da kwalta wajen yin gine-gine, kamar shimfida hanyoyi. Hanyoyin da aka shimfida da kwalta da tsakuwa ana kiransu titin kwalta.