[1]. EVA modified bitumen EVA yana da dacewa mai kyau tare da bitumen kuma ana iya narkar da shi kuma a watsa shi cikin bitumen mai zafi ba tare da injin colloid ko sarrafa injina mai ƙarfi ba, yana mai sauƙin amfani.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an fi amfani da ayyukan bitumen a Afirka akai-akai, don haka ana tunatar da takwarorin cikin gida da su mai da hankali.
[2]. Babban danko, babban elasticity da babban tauri da aka gyara bitumen. Gwajin danko da taurin bitumen ya fi dacewa da gyaran bitumen na SBR, amma idan aka yi amfani da shi don babban bitumen da aka gyara na viscoelastic, raguwa yakan faru, yana sa gwajin ba zai yiwu ba. Dangane da wannan, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da na'urar gwajin kayan duniya don gudanar da ɗanko da ƙarfin gwajin bitumen da aka gyara na viscoelastic sosai, yin rikodin lanƙwan damuwa, da amfani da hanyar haɗin kai don sauƙin ƙididdige sakamakon gwajin. 3. Babban abun ciki na roba wanda aka gyara bitumen Tare da kololuwar carbon da kuma samar da manufofin tsaka tsaki na carbon, adana makamashi da raguwar fitarwa suna da mahimmanci. Masana'antar tayoyi na fuskantar matsalar "haɓaka jama'a da sharar jama'a" tun bayan ƙirƙira da masana'anta. Tayoyi na buƙatar amfani da albarkatun ƙasa kai tsaye ko kai tsaye da makamashi daga samarwa zuwa zubar, yana haifar da yawan hayaƙin carbon dioxide.
Babban bangaren taya shi ne carbon, kuma ko da tayoyin da aka jefar suna da fiye da 80% abun ciki na carbon. Tayoyin sharar gida na iya dawo da adadi mai yawa na kayan aiki da kuzari, gyara carbon cikin samfuran, da cimma manufar ceton makamashi da rage fitar da iska. Tayoyin sharar gida sune kayan roba na polymer waɗanda ke da matukar wahala a lalata su. Suna da babban ƙarfi da ƙarfi kuma kusan babu wani canji na zahiri ko na sinadarai da ke faruwa a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -50C zuwa 150C. Don haka, idan an bar su su yi ƙasa a cikin ƙasa ta dabi'a, ba tare da shafar girman tsiron shuka ba, tsarin zai ɗauki kimanin shekaru 500. Yawancin tayoyin sharar gida suna tarawa ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma suna mamaye ƙasa mai yawa, suna hana yin amfani da albarkatun ƙasa yadda ya kamata. Haka kuma, tarin ruwa na dogon lokaci a cikin tayoyi zai haifar da sauro da yada cututtuka, yana haifar da boyayyun haɗari ga lafiyar mutane.
Bayan da injina na murƙushe tayoyin datti zuwa cikin foda na roba, an samar da babban abun ciki na roba da aka gyara bitumen (wanda ake magana da shi da bitumen na roba) don shimfida titin, fahimtar cikakken amfani da albarkatu, haɓaka aikin titi sosai, haɓaka rayuwar titi sosai, da rage tsadar hanya. . Zuba Jari.
[3]. Me ya sa aka "gyara babban abun ciki na roba bitumen"?
Low zazzabi juriya
A roba a cikin sharar taya roba foda yana da fadi da na roba zafin jiki kewayon aiki, don haka da bitumen cakuda iya har yanzu kula da wani roba yanayin aiki yanayin a low yanayin zafi, jinkirta faruwa na low-zazzabi fasa, da kuma daidaita da high-zazzabi roba foda a cikin bitumen, wanda yana ƙara yawan danko na bitumen, wanda ke ƙara yawan laushi kuma yana inganta yanayin zafi mai zafi na bitumen da gauraye. Maganin rigakafin skid da amo-rage karaya-grade garwayayyun bitumen yana da babban tsari mai zurfin tsari da kyakkyawan aikin rigakafin skid akan farfajiyar hanya.
Bitumen roba na iya rage hayaniyar tuki da 3 zuwa 8 decibels kuma yana da dorewa mai kyau. Foda mai ɓarkewar taya yana ƙunshe da antioxidants, masu daidaita zafi, abubuwan kariya masu haske da baƙar fata. Ƙara bitumen na iya jinkirta tsufa na bitumen da inganta ingancin cakuda. Dorewa da fa'idodin zamantakewa na ton 10,000 na bitumen na roba na buƙatar amfani da tayoyin sharar aƙalla 50,000, tare da adana ton 2,000 zuwa 5,000 na bitumen. Matsakaicin sake yin amfani da kayan sharar yana da yawa, ceton makamashi da tasirin kariyar muhalli a bayyane yake, farashin yana da araha, kwanciyar hankali yana da kyau, kuma shimfidar elastomer ya bambanta da sauran shimfidar. Idan aka kwatanta da kwanciyar hankali da ta'aziyya, ya fi kyau.
Baƙar fata na Carbon na iya adana baƙar fata na farfajiyar hanya na dogon lokaci, tare da babban bambanci tare da alamomi da ingantaccen shigar da gani. 5. Bitumen rock modified bitumen man fetur ya fuskanci daruruwan miliyoyin shekaru canje-canje na laka a cikin ramukan dutse. Yana jurewa canje-canje a cikin zafi, matsa lamba, oxidation, da narkewa. Abubuwan da ke kama da bitumen da aka samar a ƙarƙashin aikin haɗin gwiwar kafofin watsa labarai da ƙwayoyin cuta. Wani irin bitumen ne na halitta. Sauran bitumen na halitta sun hada da tafkin bitumen, bitumen na karkashin ruwa, da dai sauransu.
Abubuwan sinadaran: Nauyin kwayoyin asphaltene a cikin bitumen dutse ya kai daga dubu da yawa zuwa dubu goma. Abubuwan sinadaran asphaltene sune 81.7% carbon, 7.5% hydrogen, 2.3% oxygen, 1.95% nitrogen, 4.4% sulfur, 1.1% aluminum, da 0.18% silicon. da sauran karafa 0.87%. Daga cikin su, abubuwan da ke cikin carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, da sulfur yana da yawa. Kusan kowane macromolecule na asphaltene yana ƙunshe da ƙungiyoyin aiki na polar na abubuwan da ke sama, wanda ke sa shi samar da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a saman dutsen. Tsari da asali: Ana haifar da bitumen dutse a cikin tsagewar duwatsu. Nisa na fasa yana da kunkuntar, kawai dubun santimita zuwa mita da yawa, kuma zurfin zai iya kaiwa fiye da ɗaruruwan mita.
1. Buton rock bitumen (BRA): wanda aka samar a tsibirin Buton (BUTON), Lardin Sulawesi, Indonesia, Kudancin Pacific
2. Dutsen Bitumen na Arewacin Amurka: UINTAITE (sunan kasuwancin Amurka Gilsonite) Bitumen na Arewacin Amurka da ke cikin Uintah Basin a gabashin Yahudiya, arewacin Amurka.
3. Bitumen dutsen Iran: Qingdao tana da kaya na dogon lokaci.
[4]. Dutsen Bitumen na Sichuan Qingchuan: An gano shi a gundumar Qingchuan na lardin Sichuan a shekarar 2003, an tabbatar da tanadar sama da tan miliyan 1.4 da kuma tanadin sama da tan miliyan 30. Yana zuwa Shandong Expressway.5. Dutsen bitumen da runduna ta 137 ta rejista ta 7 ta sashen noma ta hukumar samar da gine-gine ta jihar Xinjiang ta gano a Urho, Karamay, Xinjiang a shekarar 2001, ita ce ta farko da aka gano a kasar Sin. Amfani da nau'in:
1. Kai tsaye saka a cikin silinda hadawa na bitumen hadawa tashar.
2. Hanyar wakili mai girma, da farko niƙa foda, sa'an nan kuma ƙara matrix bitumen a matsayin mai gyara.
3. Rubber foda hadawa
4. Rarrabe yashi mai kuma haɗa abun ciki na asphaltene. 5. Haɗa tare da tashar hadawa don ƙara sabbin dabarun aikace-aikacen akan layi:
1. An yi amfani da shi don sassauƙan tushe Layer;
2. Ana amfani da shi wajen shimfida hanyoyin karkara kai tsaye;
3. Mix tare da kayan da aka sake yin fa'ida (RAP) don farfadowa na thermal;
4. Yi amfani da bitumen activator don haɗa ruwa bitumen da sanyi gauraye shi don saman.
5. High modules kwalta
6. Simintin kwalta