Aia i loko o ke kaʻina hana: ka wela wela o ka bitumen a me ka solution kopa, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka waiwai pH solution soap, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka kahe kahe o kēlā me kēia pipeline i ka wā o ka hana ʻana.
(1) Ka wela wela o ka bitumen a me ke kopa
Pono ka bitumen i kahi wela kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa ai kahi kūlana kahe maikaʻi. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka emulsifier i ka wai, ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana hoʻonā emulsifier soap solution, a me ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka wai-bitumen interfacial tension e pono ai ka hopena kopa ma kahi mahana. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana o ka bitumen emulsified ma hope o ka hana ʻana ma mua o 100 ℃, i ʻole e hoʻolapalapa ka wai. Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kēia mau mea, koho ʻia ka mahana wela bitumen i 120 ~ 140 ℃, ʻo ka mahana hoʻonā kopa he 55 ~ 75 ℃, a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka emulsified bitumen outlet ma mua o 85 ℃.
(2) Hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai pH solution kopa
Loaʻa i ka emulsifier kahi acidity a me ka alkalinity ma muli o kona ʻano kemika. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Ionic i loko o ka wai e hana i ka hopena kopa. Pili ka waiwai pH i ka hana o ka emulsifier. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kahi waiwai pH kūpono e hoʻonui ai i ka hana o ka hoʻonā kopa. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kekahi mau emulsifiers me ka hoʻoponopono ʻole i ka waiwai pH o ka hopena kopa. Hoʻonui ka Acidity i ka hana o nā emulsifiers cationic, hoʻonui ka alkalinity i ka hana o nā emulsifiers anionic, a ʻo ka hana o nā emulsifiers nonionic ʻaʻohe mea pili i ka waiwai pH. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā emulsifiers, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka waiwai pH e like me nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī o ka huahana. ʻO nā ʻakika a me nā alkaline maʻamau: waika hydrochloric, waikona nitric, ʻakika formic, ʻakika acetic, sodium hydroxide, soda lehu, a me ke aniani wai.
(3) Mana o ka paipu kahe
ʻO ke kahe o ka pipeline o ka bitumen a me ka hoʻonā kopa e hoʻoholo i ka ʻike o ka bitumen i loko o ka huahana bitumen emulsified. Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā lako emulsification, ua paʻa maoli ka nui o ka hana. Pono e helu ʻia ka kahe o kēlā me kēia pipeline e like me ke ʻano o ka bitumen emulsified i hana ʻia. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka huina o ke kahe o kēlā me kēia pipeline e like me ka nui o ka hana bitumen emulsified.