Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm suav nrog: cua kub ntawm bitumen thiab xab npum tov, hloov cov tshuaj xab npum pH tus nqi, thiab tswj tus nqi ntws ntawm txhua lub raj xa dej thaum tsim khoom.
(1) Kub kub ntawm bitumen thiab xab npum tov
Bitumen yuav tsum muaj qhov kub thiab txias kom ua tiav lub xeev zoo. Kev sib cais ntawm emulsifier hauv dej, qhov nce ntawm emulsifier xab npum kev ua haujlwm, thiab txo cov dej-bitumen interfacial nro xav tau cov tshuaj xab npum kom nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kub ntawm emulsified bitumen tom qab ntau lawm tsis tuaj yeem siab dua 100 ℃, txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau dej npau. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem no rau hauv kev txiav txim siab, qhov kub ntawm bitumen kub yog xaiv los ntawm 120 ~ 140 ℃, xab npum tov kub yog 55 ~ 75 ℃, thiab emulsified bitumen qhov hluav taws xob kub tsis siab tshaj 85 ℃.
(2) Kev hloov ntawm xab npum tov pH nqi
Lub emulsifier nws tus kheej muaj qee yam acidity thiab alkalinity vim nws cov qauv tshuaj. Ionic emulsifiers yaj hauv dej los tsim cov tshuaj ntxuav tes. Tus nqi pH cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm emulsifier. Kev kho kom haum rau tus nqi pH txhim khu kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj xab npum. Qee cov emulsifiers tsis tuaj yeem yaj yam tsis tau kho tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj xab npum. Acidity txhim khu kev ua haujlwm ntawm cationic emulsifiers, alkalinity txhim khu kev ua haujlwm ntawm anionic emulsifiers, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm nonionic emulsifiers tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog tus nqi pH. Thaum siv cov emulsifiers, tus nqi pH yuav tsum raug kho raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau siv cov kua qaub thiab alkalis yog: hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, dej qab zib tshauv, thiab dej iav.
(3) Tswj cov kav dej ntws
Lub raj xa dej ntawm bitumen thiab xab npum tov txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus bitumen hauv cov khoom emulsified bitumen. Tom qab cov khoom siv emulsification yog tsau, cov ntim ntau lawm yog qhov ruaj khov. Kev khiav ntawm txhua lub raj xa dej yuav tsum raug xam thiab hloov kho raws li hom emulsified bitumen tsim. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ntws ntawm txhua lub raj xa dej yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov khoom ntim ntawm emulsified bitumen.