[1]. EVA modified bitumen Eva nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na bitumen ma enwere ike ịgbaze ma gbasasịa na bitumen na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị igwe igwe colloid ma ọ bụ nhazi igwe dị elu, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe iji.
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, a na-eji ọrụ pavement bitumen eme ihe na Africa ugboro ugboro, n'ihi ya, a na-echetara ndị ogbo ụlọ ka ha ṅaa ntị.
[2]. Nnukwu viscosity, ịdị elu dị elu na ịdị elu siri ike gbanwere bitumen. Nnwale bitumen viscosity na ike siri ike dabara adaba maka SBR gbanwetụrụ bitumen, mana mgbe ejiri ya maka bitumen gbanwetụrụ elu viscoelastic, mbibi na-apụtakarị, na-eme ka nnwale ahụ ghara ikwe omume. N'ihi nke a, a na-atụ aro ka iji igwe na-enyocha ihe nke ụwa na-eduzi viscosity na ule siri ike nke bitumen dị elu nke ukwuu, dekọọ ihe mgbagwoju anya, ma jiri usoro ntinye aka iji gbakọọ nsonaazụ ule ngwa ngwa. 3. Ihe mejupụtara rọba nwere ọdịnaya dị elu gbanwere bitumen Site na ọnụ ọgụgụ carbon na imepụta ebumnuche nnọpụiche carbon, nchekwa ike na mbelata ikuku dị mkpa. Ụlọ ọrụ taya na-eche nsogbu nke "mmepụta oke na ihe mkpofu" kamgbe emepụtara na nrụpụta ya. Taya chọrọ iji akụrụngwa sitere n'okike na ike sitere na mmepụta ruo na mkpofu, na-ebute oke ikuku carbon dioxide.
Isi ihe dị na taya bụ carbon, na ọbụna taya ndị a tụfuru nwere ihe karịrị 80% carbon ọdịnaya. Taya ihe mkpofu nwere ike nwetaghachi nnukwu ihe na ume, dozie carbon n'ime ngwaahịa, wee nweta ebumnuche nke ịchekwa ike na mbelata ikuku. Taya mkpofu bụ ihe na-agbanwe polymer nke siri ike imebi. Ha nwere ngbanwe dị elu na ike siri ike na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị mgbanwe anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ kemịkal na-eme na okpomọkụ nke -50C ruo 150C. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na a na-ahapụ ha ka ha daa n'ụzọ nkịtị n'ime ala, ha ga-eme na-emetụtaghị oke uto osisi, usoro ahụ nwere ike were ihe dị ka afọ 500. A na-akwakọba ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu taya taya n'ụzọ aka ike ma na-eburu nnukwu ala, na-egbochi iji ihe onwunwe ala mee ihe nke ọma. Ọzọkwa, ịgbakọ mmiri ogologo oge na taya ga-amụba anwụnta ma gbasaa ọrịa, na-ebute ihe egwu zoro ezo na ahụike ndị mmadụ.
Mgbe ejiri igwe na-egwepịa taya mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ ntụ ntụ rọba, a na-emepụta bitumen nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya rọba gbanwetụrụ (nke a na-akpọ bitumen rọba) maka ịkwa akwa n'okporo ụzọ, na-achọpụta itinye akụrụngwa n'ụzọ zuru oke, na-eme ka arụmọrụ okporo ụzọ dịkwuo mma, na-agbatị ndụ okporo ụzọ, na ibelata ọnụ ahịa okporo ụzọ. . Ihe owuwu ihe owuwu.
[3]. Gịnị mere o ji bụrụ "mmadụ rọba dị elu gbanwetụrụ bitumen"?
Obere okpomọkụ mgbape mgbochi
The roba na n'efu taya roba ntụ ntụ nwere akwa na-agbanwe okpomọkụ dịgasị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ, ya mere ngwakọta bitumen ka nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọnọdụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na obere okpomọkụ, na-egbu oge ihe omume nke obere okpomọkụ cracks, na kwụsie ike na elu-okpomọkụ roba ntụ ntụ na bitumen, nke na-abawanye viscosity nke bitumen nke ukwuu, nke na-eme ka ebe dị nro na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma ma na-eme ka nkwụsi ike dị elu nke bitumen na ngwakọta dị elu. Ngwakọta bitumen nke na-egbochi skid na mkpọtụ na-ebelata mgbawa-graded nwere nnukwu omimi nhazi yana ezigbo arụmọrụ mgbochi skid n'elu okporo ụzọ.
Bitumen rọba nwere ike ibelata mkpọtụ ịnya ụgbọ ala site na decibel 3 ruo 8 ma nwee ezigbo ogologo oge. Uzuzu rọba taya na-ekpofu ihe nwere antioxidants, ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ, ihe nchebe ọkụ na oji carbon. Ịgbakwunye bitumen nwere ike igbu oge ịka nká nke bitumen ma melite ogo nke ngwakọta. Ịdịte aka na uru ọha mmadụ nke tọn 10,000 nke bitumen rọba chọrọ ka eri ya dịkarịa ala 50,000 taya mkpofu, na-echekwa 2,000 ruo 5,000 tọn bitumen. Ọnụego mkpogharị ihe mkpofu dị elu, nchekwa ike na mmetụta nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi pụtara ìhè, ọnụ ahịa ya dị ala, nkasi obi dị mma, na pavement elastomer dị iche na pavement ndị ọzọ. E jiri ya tụnyere nkwụsi ike na nkasi obi, ọ ka mma.
Carbon ojii nwere ike ichekwa agba ojii nke elu ụzọ ogologo oge, yana nnukwu ọdịiche dị na akara na ntinye anya dị mma. 5. Bitumen rock modified bitumen mmanụ agafeela ọtụtụ narị nde afọ nke sedimentation mgbanwe n'ime nkume crevices. Ọ na-enwe mgbanwe na okpomọkụ, nrụgide, oxidation, na agbaze. Ihe ndị dị ka bitumen na-emepụta n'okpuru ngwakọta nke mgbasa ozi na nje bacteria. Ọ bụ ụdị bitumen eke. Bitumen ndị ọzọ sitere n'okike gụnyere ọdọ mmiri bitumen, bitumen okpuru mmiri, wdg.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ: arọ molekụla nke asphaltene dị na bitumen nkume sitere na puku kwuru puku ruo puku iri. Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke asphaltene bụ 81.7% carbon, 7.5% hydrogen, 2.3% oxygen, 1.95% nitrogen, 4.4% sọlfọ, 1.1% aluminum, na 0.18% silicon. na ọla ndị ọzọ 0.87%. N'ime ha, ọdịnaya nke carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, na sọlfọ dị oke elu. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ macromolecule ọ bụla nke asphaltene nwere otu ndị na-arụ ọrụ polar nke ihe ndị dị n'elu, nke na-eme ka ọ na-emepụta ike mgbasa ozi siri ike n'elu nkume. Ọgbọ na mmalite: A na-emepụta bitumen nkume na mgbawa nke nkume. Obosara nke mgbawa ahụ dị warara nke ukwuu, ọ bụ naanị iri centimeters ruo ọtụtụ mita, na omimi nwere ike iru ihe karịrị narị mita.
1. Buton rock bitumen (BRA): emepụtara na Buton Island (BUTON), Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, South Pacific
2. Nkume bitumen nke dị n'Ebe Ugwu America: UINTAITE (aha ahịa US Gilsonite) bitumen siri ike nke North America dị na Uintah Basin nke dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Judia, n'ebe ugwu United States.
3. bitumen nkume ndị Iran: Qingdao nwere ngwa ahịa ogologo oge.
[4]. Sichuan Qingchuan Nkume Bitumen: Achọpụtara ya na mpaghara Qingchuan, Sichuan Province na 2003, egosila na ọ nwere ihe karịrị nde tọn 1.4 na ihe nchekwa ihe karịrị nde tọn 30. Ọ bụ nke Shandong Expressway.5. Ngwuputa bitumen nkume nke 137th Regiment nke 7th Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps chọtara na Urho, Karamay, Xinjiang na 2001 bụ ogbunigwe bitumen nke mbụ achọtara na China. Ojiji na ụdị:
1. Kpọmkwem tinye n'ime igwekota cylinder nke bitumen Ịgwakọta ọdụ.
2. Usoro modulus dị elu, buru ụzọ gwerie ntụ ntụ, wee gbakwunye bitumen matrix dị ka ihe mgbanwe.
3. Rubber ntụ ntụ ngwakọta
4. Kewapụ ájá mmanụ ma jikọta ọdịnaya asphaltene. 5. Jikọọ na ebe a na-agwakọta ọnụ ka ịgbakwunye echiche ngwa ọhụrụ n'ịntanetị:
1. A na-eji akwa oyi akwa na-agbanwe agbanwe;
2. A na-eji ya eme okporo ụzọ ime obodo;
3. Gwakọta ya na ihe eji emeghari (RAP) maka mmeghari ohuru;
4. Jiri bitumen activator na-emepụta bitumen mmiri mmiri na oyi na-ejikọta ya maka elu.
5. High modulus asphalt
6. Ihe nkedo asphalt