Asphalt pavement kukonza chigamba chozizira ndi chinthu chapadera chokonza misewu, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zamchere (zophatikiza) zosakanikirana ndi phula kapena phula losinthidwa, ndipo zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito.
1. Mapangidwe
Zigawo zazikulu za zinthu zozizira za asphalt zikuphatikizapo:
Base asphalt: monga maziko a zinthu zoziziritsa kuzizira, zimapereka zomatira komanso pulasitiki pakusakaniza.
Aggregate: monga mwala, mchenga, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chigoba cha asphalt ozizira chigamba ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwazinthu zokonzanso.
Zowonjezera: kuphatikiza ma modifiers, anti-aging agents, binders, etc., zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popititsa patsogolo ntchito ya asphalt, monga kukonza zomatira, anti-kukalamba, kukana madzi, ndi zina zotero.
Isolator: yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa phula kuti lisakhwime msanga komanso kulumikizana msanga ndi zophatikizira, kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zozizira za asphalt zimasunga madzi okwanira panthawi yosungira komanso kuyenda.
Zosakaniza izi zimasakanizidwa mu gawo linalake kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zozizira za asphalt zimakhala ndi madzi abwino, zomatira komanso zolimba kutentha.

2. Makhalidwe
Zamadzimadzi ndi viscous kutentha firiji: khola mwachilengedwe, zosavuta kusunga ndi kunyamula.
Kumamatira kwabwino: kumatha kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi phula lopanda mafuta lopanda mafuta kuti lipange chigamba cholimba.
Kukhazikika kwamphamvu: kumatha kukana kutengera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe, ndikukulitsa moyo wautumiki wamsewu.
Kumanga bwino: palibe zida zotenthetsera zomwe zimafunikira, zomwe zimathandizira ntchito yomanga ndikuchepetsa ndalama zomanga.
3. Njira yomanga
Kukonzekera kwazinthu: sankhani zida zoyenera za asphalt zozizira molingana ndi kuwonongeka kwa msewu, kuyenda kwa magalimoto ndi nyengo, ndikukonzekera zida zothandizira monga zida zoyeretsera, zida zodulira, zida zophatikizira, zida zoyezera, zolembera zolembera ndi chitetezo.
Kuyeretsa misewu yowonongeka: Chotsani bwino zinyalala, fumbi ndi zipangizo zotayirira pamsewu wowonongeka, ndikusunga malo okonzeratu oyera ndi owuma. Kwa maenje okulirapo, m'mphepete mwawonongeka amatha kudulidwa bwino ndi makina odulira kuti apange malo okonzekera nthawi zonse.
Kudzaza mphika ndi kuphatikizika: Thirani zigamba zoziziritsa zokwanira mu dzenje, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito fosholo kapena chida chamanja pochikonza. Zindikirani kuti kuchuluka kwa kudzaza kuyenera kukhala kokwera pang'ono kuposa msewu wozungulira kuti athe kubweza kukhazikika kwazinthu panthawi yophatikizika. Kenaka gwiritsani ntchito compactor kapena roller kuti mugwirizane ndi chigamba chozizira kuti muwonetsetse kuti malo otsetsereka aphatikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi msewu wozungulira popanda mipata.
Kukonza ndi kutsegulira magalimoto: Kukonzekera kukatsirizidwa, dikirani kwa kanthawi malinga ndi nyengo ndi kutentha kuti mulole kuti chigamba chozizira chikhale cholimba. Panthawi imeneyi, zizindikiro zapamsewu zikanthawi ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti zichepetse kapena kuwongolera magalimoto kuti apatuke kuti malo okonzerawo asakhudzidwe ndi katundu wanthawi yayitali kapena wochulukira.
IV. Kusamalitsa
Kutentha kwamphamvu: Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoziziritsa kuzizira kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha. Yesetsani kuchita ntchito yomanga panthawi ya kutentha kwambiri kuti mupititse patsogolo zomatira ndi compaction kwenikweni. Pomanga m'malo otsika kutentha, njira zowotchera zitha kuchitidwa, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yotentha kuti itenthetse maenje ndi zida zoziziritsa.
Kuwongolera chinyezi: Onetsetsani kuti malo okonzerawo ndi owuma komanso opanda madzi kuti musasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a chigamba chozizira. Ntchito yomanga iyenera kuyimitsidwa kapena njira zotetezera mvula ziyenera kuchitidwa pamasiku amvula kapena pamene chinyezi chakwera.
Chitetezo cha Chitetezo: Ogwira ntchito yomanga ayenera kuvala zida zodzitetezera ndikutsata njira zoyendetsera chitetezo kuti awonetsetse chitetezo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tcherani khutu ku chitetezo cha chilengedwe kuti mupewe kuipitsa malo ozungulira ndi zinyalala zomanga.
Mwachidule, phula la asphalt kukonza zinthu zozizira ndi chinthu chokonzekera misewu chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino komanso chomanga bwino. Muzogwiritsira ntchito, zipangizo zoyenera zozizira zozizira ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zochitika zinazake ndipo masitepe omanga ayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa kuti atsimikizire kukonzanso bwino.