Zida zosakaniza zosakaniza za asphalt ndi gawo la ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzosakaniza zosakaniza za asphalt. Sizimangokhudza kupanga kwanthawi zonse, komanso zimatsimikizira mwachindunji kusakaniza kwa asphalt komanso mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito.
Chitsanzo cha zida zosakaniza za asphalt ziyenera kusankhidwa mwasayansi komanso mwanzeru potengera zomwe zatuluka pachaka. Ngati chitsanzocho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, chidzawonjezera mtengo wa ndalama ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa zinthu za polyurethane; ngati chitsanzo cha zipangizo ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zosakwanira, zomwe zimabweretsa kulephera kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga, potero kumatalikitsa nthawi yogwira ntchito. , chuma chosauka, ogwira ntchito yomanga nawonso amakhala otopa. Zomera zosakaniza za asphalt zomwe zili pansi pa mtundu wa 2000 nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga misewu yakumaloko kapena kukonza ndikukonza matauni, pomwe mtundu wa 3000 kapena kupitilira apo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'misewu yayikulu monga misewu yayikulu, misewu yayikulu, ndi misewu yayikulu yakuchigawo. Nthawi zambiri mapulojekitiwa amakhala ndi nthawi yolimba yomanga.
Malinga ndi zomwe zimafunikira pachaka, kutulutsa kwa ola limodzi kwa phula losakaniza kusakaniza = kutulutsa kofunikira kwapachaka/kumanga kwapachaka kwa miyezi 6/mwezi kothandiza masiku adzuwa maola 25/10 a ntchito patsiku (nthawi yayikulu ntchito yomanga phula pachaka ndi miyezi 6, ndipo masiku ogwira ntchito yomanga pamwezi ndi miyezi 6) masiku 25 amawerengedwa, ndipo maola ogwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku amawerengedwa ngati maola 10).
Ndi bwino kusankha oveteredwa linanena bungwe la phula osakaniza kusakaniza chomera kukhala chokulirapo pang'ono kuposa theoretical owerengeka linanena bungwe ola, chifukwa chokhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zopangira specifications, chinyezi, etc., kutulutsa kwenikweni khola kwa phula osakaniza. Kusakaniza chomera nthawi zambiri kumakhala 60% yokha yachitsanzo ~ 80%. Mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa kwenikweni kwa 4000-mtundu wa asphalt mix mixing plant nthawi zambiri kumakhala 240-320t/h. Ngati linanena bungwe linawonjezeka kwambiri, izo zidzakhudza kusakaniza kufanana, gradation ndi kutentha bata osakaniza. Ngati ikupanga labala asphalt Kapena SMA ndi zosakaniza zina zosinthidwa za asphalt kapena zikapangidwa pambuyo pa mvula, zomwe zidavotera zimatsika pang'ono. Izi makamaka chifukwa nthawi yosakaniza ikuwonjezeka, mwala umakhala wonyowa ndipo kutentha kumakwera pang'onopang'ono pambuyo pa mvula.
Akukonzekera kumaliza ntchito yosakaniza phula ya matani 300,000 mchaka chimodzi atakhazikitsa station. Malinga ndi formula yowerengera pamwambapa, kutulutsa kwaola ndi 200t. Kutulutsa kokhazikika kwa 4000-mtundu wa asphalt mix mix mixing plant ndi 240t/h, yomwe ndi yoposa 200t pang'ono. Choncho, chomera chosakaniza phula la 4000 chinasankhidwa. Zipangizo zosakaniza zimatha kukwaniritsa ntchito zomanga, ndipo zida zosakaniza phula la 4000 ndi chitsanzo chodziwika bwino chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magulu omanga muzinthu zazikulu kwambiri monga misewu yayikulu ndi misewu yayikulu.

Kugwira ntchito ndikoyenera komanso kothandiza
Pakali pano, chiwerengero cha ndalama zogwirira ntchito m'mabizinesi omanga chikuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungagawire anthu moyenera sikungowoneka muzantchito za anthu osankhidwa, komanso kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito omwe aperekedwa.
Chomera chosakaniza phula ndi dongosolo lovuta lopangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo, ndipo njira yopangira imafuna kugwirizana kwa anthu angapo. Oyang'anira onse amamvetsetsa kufunikira kwa anthu. Popanda antchito oyenerera, n'zosatheka kupeza phindu labwino pazachuma.
Kutengera luso ndi zosowa, ogwira ntchito ofunikira pafakitale yosakaniza phula ndi: 1 station manager, 2 opareta, 2 ogwira ntchito yokonza, 1 sikelo yoyezera ndi otolera zinthu, 1 katundu ndi woyang'anira chakudya, ndi kalaliki munthu mmodzi alinso ndi udindo pazachuma. accounting, anthu 8. Ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito yosamalira ayenera kuphunzitsidwa ndi wopanga makina osakaniza phula kapena bungwe la akatswiri ndikukhala ndi satifiketi asanagwire ntchito.
Wonjezerani mphamvu ndi kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe kokwanira
Kuwongolera kumawonekera mu kasamalidwe ka ogwira ntchito, komanso pakuwongolera ntchito ndi kupanga. Zakhala mgwirizano mumakampani kufunafuna zopindulitsa kuchokera kwa oyang'anira.
Poganizira kuti mtengo wa asphalt wosakaniza ndi wokhazikika, monga wogwiritsa ntchito phula losakaniza kusakaniza chomera, kuti apindule bwino zachuma, njira yokhayo ndiyo kugwira ntchito molimbika pakupulumutsa mtengo. Kupulumutsa mtengo kungayambike kuchokera kuzinthu zotsatirazi.

Limbikitsani zokolola
Ubwino wa aggregate umakhudza mwachindunji zokolola za chomera chosakaniza phula. Choncho, khalidweli liyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa pogula zipangizo zopangira kuti zisakhudze zomwe zimachokera chifukwa cha kusefukira ndi kusefukira. Chinthu chinanso chomwe chimakhudza zokolola za chomera chosakaniza phula ndi chowotcha chachikulu. Ng'oma yowumitsa ya chomera chosakaniza phula idapangidwa ndi malo otenthetsera apadera. Ngati lawi lamoto silingafanane ndi malo otenthetsera, lidzakhudza kwambiri kutentha kwabwino, motero kusokoneza kupanga kwa phula. Chifukwa chake, ngati muwona kuti mawonekedwe alawi siabwino, muyenera kusintha munthawi yake.

Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta
Mtengo wamafuta ndi gawo lalikulu la ndalama zogwirira ntchito zamitengo yosakaniza phula. Kuphatikiza pa kutenga njira zoyenera zoletsa madzi kuphatikizira, ndikofunikira kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo loyaka moto. Dongosolo la kuyaka kwa chomera chosakanikirana ndi asphalt chimakhala ndi chowotcha chachikulu, ng'oma yowumitsa, chotolera fumbi ndi makina olowetsa mpweya. Kufanana koyenera pakati pawo kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuyaka kwathunthu kwamafuta. Kaya kutalika kwa lawi lamoto ndi m'mimba mwake mwa chowotchacho kumagwirizana ndi malo oyatsira chubu, komanso kutentha kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Deta ina ikuwonetsa kuti nthawi iliyonse kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kupitilira kutentha komwe kwanenedwa ndi 5 ° C, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka pafupifupi 1%. Choncho, kutentha kophatikizana kuyenera kukhala kokwanira ndipo sikuyenera kupitirira kutentha komwe kumatchulidwa.

Limbikitsani kukonza ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza ndi zida zosinthira
Malo ogwirira ntchito a chomera chosakaniza phula ndi ovuta ndipo kukonza nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Monga mwambi umati, "Zisanu ndi ziwiri peresenti zimadalira khalidwe ndipo atatu peresenti zimadalira kusamalira." Ngati kukonzanso sikulipo, mtengo wokonzanso, makamaka kukonzanso, udzakhala wokwera kwambiri. Pakuwunika kwatsiku ndi tsiku, zovuta zazing'ono zomwe zapezeka ziyenera kuthetsedwa mwachangu kuti tipewe zovuta zazing'ono kuti zisinthe kukhala zolephera zazikulu.

Asphalt Mixing Plant Investment Analysis
Pafakitale yosakaniza phula yomwe imafuna ndalama zokwana makumi mamiliyoni a yuan, kumayambiriro kwa ndalama, chiŵerengero cha ndalama ndi ndalama ziyenera kuganiziridwa poyamba kuti zisawonongeke zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha ndalama zakhungu. Mtengo wogwirira ntchito umawerengedwa ngati mtengo wopangira kupatula ndalama za hardware. Zotsatirazi ndikuwunika mtengo wogwirira ntchito wa polojekitiyi. Zomwe zidakonzedweratu: Chitsanzo cha chomera chosakaniza cha asphalt ndi mtundu wa 4000; nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi maola 10 ogwira ntchito mosalekeza patsiku ndi masiku 25 pamwezi; kutulutsa kwapakati ndi 260t/h; kuchuluka kwa kupanga kosakaniza kwa asphalt ndi matani 300,000; nthawi yomanga ndi miyezi 5.

Malipiro a Malo
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu m'madera osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, ndalamazo zimalipidwa pachaka, kuyambira yuan yopitilira 100,000 mpaka yuan yopitilira 200,000. Mtengo woperekedwa ku tani iliyonse yosakaniza ndi pafupifupi 0.6 yuan/t.

Mtengo wa ntchito
Ogwira ntchito osasunthika nthawi zambiri amalandira malipiro apachaka. Malinga ndi momwe msika ulili pano, malipiro apachaka a ogwira ntchito osasunthika nthawi zambiri amakhala: 1 station manager, ndi malipiro apachaka a 150,000 yuan; Ogwira ntchito 2, omwe amalandila malipiro apachaka a 100,000 yuan, pa yuan 200,000; 2 ogwira ntchito yokonza pafupifupi malipiro apachaka pa munthu aliyense ndi 70,000 yuan, okwana 140,000 yuan kwa anthu awiri, ndipo malipiro apachaka a antchito ena othandizira ndi 60,000 yuan, okwana 180,000 yuan anthu atatu. Malipiro a antchito osakhalitsa amalipidwa pamwezi. Kutengera ndi malipiro apamwezi a anthu 6 a yuan 4,000, malipiro a antchito osakhalitsa a miyezi isanu ndi 120,000 yuan. Kuphatikizapo malipiro a antchito ena wamba, malipiro onse ogwira ntchito ndi pafupifupi 800,000 yuan, ndipo mtengo wa ntchito ndi 2.7 yuan /t.

Mtengo wa asphalt
Mtengo wa asphalt umapangitsa gawo lalikulu la mtengo wathunthu wosakaniza phula. Pakali pano ndi pafupifupi ma yuan 2,000 pa tani imodzi ya phula, yofanana ndi 2 yuan/kg. Ngati phula la osakaniza ndi 4.8%, mtengo wa asphalt pa toni ya osakaniza ndi 96 yuan.

Ndalama zonse
Aggregate amawerengera pafupifupi 90% ya kulemera konse kwa kusakaniza. Mtengo wa aggregate ndi pafupifupi 80 yuan/t. Mtengo wamtengo wophatikiza pakusakaniza ndi 72 yuan pa tani.

mtengo wa ufa
Ufa umapanga pafupifupi 6% ya kulemera konse kwa kusakaniza. Mtengo wapakati wa ufa ndi pafupifupi 120 yuan/t. Mtengo wa ufa pa tani yosakaniza ndi 7.2 yuan.

mtengo wamafuta
Ngati mafuta olemera amagwiritsidwa ntchito, poganiza kuti kusakaniza kumadya 7kg ya mafuta olemera pa tani ndipo mtengo wa mafuta olemera ndi 4,200 yuan pa toni, mtengo wamafuta ndi 29.4 yuan /t. Ngati malasha opunthidwa agwiritsidwa ntchito, mtengo wamafuta ndi 14.4 yuan/t kutengera kuwerengera kwa 12kg wopunthwa wa malasha pa tani yosakaniza ndi yuan 1,200 pa tani ya malasha opunthidwa. Ngati gasi lachilengedwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito, 7m3 ya gasi yachilengedwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tani imodzi ya osakaniza, ndipo gasi wachilengedwe amawerengedwa pa 3.5 yuan pa cubic mita, ndipo mtengo wamafuta ndi 24.5 yuan /t.

Bili yamagetsi
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zenizeni pa ola limodzi la 4000-mtundu wa asphalt mix mixing plant ndi za 550kW · h. Ngati iwerengeredwa potengera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi m'mafakitale kwa 0.85 yuan/kW·h, ndalama zamagetsi zimakwana 539,000 yuan, kapena 1.8 yuan/t.

mtengo wonyamula
Chomera chimodzi chosakaniza phula la 4000 chimafuna zonyamula ziwiri zamitundu 50 kuti zikhazikitse zida. Kuwerengeredwa kutengera renti ya pamwezi ya yuan 16,000 (kuphatikiza malipiro a opareshoni), kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta tsiku ndi tsiku komanso mtengo wothira mafuta a 300 yuan, chonyamula chilichonse pachaka Mtengo wake ndi 125,000 yuan, mtengo wazonyamula awiri ndi pafupifupi 250,000 yuan, ndipo mtengo woperekedwa ku tani iliyonse yosakaniza ndi 0,85 yuan.

Ndalama zosamalira
Ndalama zolipirira zimaphatikizanso zinthu zina zapanthawi ndi apo, zothira mafuta, zothira, ndi zina, zomwe zimawononga pafupifupi 150,000 yuan. Mtengo woperekedwa ku tani iliyonse yosakaniza ndi 0.5 yuan.

ndalama zina
Kuphatikiza pa ndalama zomwe zili pamwambazi, palinso ndalama zoyendetsera zinthu (monga zolipirira kuofesi, ndalama za inshuwaransi, ndi zina zotero), misonkho, ndalama zogulira, zogulira zogulira, ndi zina zotero. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa msika wamakono, phindu lonse pa toni yazinthu zosakanizika nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 30 ndi 50 yuan, ndikusiyana kwakukulu m'madera onse.
Popeza mitengo ya zinthu zakuthupi, mtengo wa mayendedwe, ndi mikhalidwe ya msika imasiyana m’malo ndi malo, kupendekera kwa mtengo wake kudzakhala kosiyanako. Zotsatirazi ndi chitsanzo cha ntchito yomanga chomera chosakaniza phula m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Malipiro a Investment ndi zomangamanga
Mitengo ya phula ya Marini 4000 imawononga pafupifupi yuan 13 miliyoni, ndipo kugula malo ndi 4 miliyoni m2. Ndalama zobwereketsa malo azaka ziwiri ndi 500,000 yuan, ndalama zoyika zida ndi kutumiza ndi 200,000 yuan, ndipo ndalama zolumikizira netiweki ya transformer ndikuyika ndi 500,000 yuan. Ma yuan 200,000 a uinjiniya woyambira, ma yuan 200,000 a silo ndi kuumitsa malo, ma yuan 200,000 osunga makhoma a silo ndi nyumba zosungiramo mvula, 100,000 yuan pa ma weighbridges awiri, ndi ma yuan 150,000 anyumba zokhala ndi ma ofesi ndi zotchingira nyumba. , chiwonkhetso cha yuan miliyoni 15.05 chikufunika.

Zida zopangira ndalama
Kutulutsa kwapachaka kwa matani 300,000 a phula osakaniza ndi matani 600,000 osakaniza phula mu zaka 2, ndipo nthawi yopangira ntchito ndi miyezi 6 pachaka. Ma loaders atatu amafunikira, iliyonse ili ndi malipiro obwereketsa a 15,000 yuan/mwezi, ndi ndalama zonse za 540,000 yuan; mtengo wamagetsi umawerengedwa pa 3.5 yuan/tani ya osakaniza a asphalt, okwana 2.1 miliyoni yuan; mtengo wokonza zida ndi 200,000 yuan, ndipo chatsopano Pali zolephera zochepa za zida, makamaka m'malo mwa mafuta opaka mafuta ndi zida zina zobvala. Ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito zida ndi 2.84 miliyoni yuan.

Ndalama zopangira
Tiyeni tiwunike kagwiritsidwe ka sup13 ndi sup20 zosakaniza za asphalt pamsika wa engineering. Mwala: Limestone ndi basalt ali pamsika wovuta. Mtengo wa miyala yamchere ndi 95 yuan/t, ndipo mtengo wa basalt ndi 145 yuan/t. Mtengo wapakati ndi 120 yuan/t, kotero mtengo wa miyala ndi 64.8 miliyoni yuan.

phula
Asphalt wosinthidwa amawononga 3,500 yuan/t, phula wamba amawononga 2,000 yuan/t, ndipo mtengo wapakati wa phula ziwirizi ndi 2,750 yuan/t. Ngati phula lili 5%, mtengo wa asphalt ndi 82.5 miliyoni yuan.

mafuta ambiri
Mtengo wamafuta olemera ndi 4,100 yuan/t. Kuwerengeredwa potengera kufunika kuwotcha 6.5kg pa tani ya osakaniza phula, mtengo wa mafuta olemera ndi yuan miliyoni 16.

mafuta a dizilo
(Kugwiritsa ntchito Loader ndi kuyatsa kwamitengo ya asphalt) Mtengo wa dizilo ndi 7,600 yuan/t, 1L dizilo ndi 0.86kg, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta onyamula kwa maola 10 kumawerengedwa ngati 120L, ndiye chojambulira chimawononga 92.88t yamafuta ndipo mtengo wake ndi 705,880 yuan. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta pakuyatsa kwa phula la phula kumawerengedwa potengera mafuta a 60kg pamoto uliwonse. Mtengo woyatsira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osakaniza phula ndi 140,000 yuan. Mtengo wonse wa dizilo ndi 840,000 yuan.
Mwachidule, mtengo wonse wazinthu zopangira monga miyala, phula, mafuta olemera ndi dizilo ndi yuan miliyoni 182.03.

Ndalama zogwirira ntchito
Malinga ndi kasamalidwe ka ogwira ntchito komwe tatchulawa, anthu onse a 11 amafunikira pakuwongolera, kugwira ntchito, kuyesa, zida ndi chitetezo. Malipiro ofunikira ndi ma yuan 800,000 pachaka, okwana ma yuan 1.6 miliyoni m'zaka ziwiri.
Kufotokozera mwachidule, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa ndalama zosakaniza phula ndi zomangamanga, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndalama zopangira zinthu komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi 183.63 miliyoni yuan.