M'nyengo yamvula yosalekeza nthawi yamvula, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito phula lopanda kuchiritsidwa (kupangidwa: asphaltene ndi utomoni) zokutira zopanda madzi ndi kumanga kwa membrane, bola ngati palibe madzi omveka bwino pamtunda pomanga, sizingakhudze ubwino ndi kupita patsogolo kwa zomangamanga zonse zopanda madzi. Chida chothira phula ndi chosakaniza chabulauni chakuda chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ma hydrocarbon a masikelo osiyanasiyana a ma molekyulu ndi zotuluka zake zosakhala zachitsulo. Ndi mtundu wa mkulu-makamakamakamakamakamakamakayendedwe organic madzi. Ndi yamadzimadzi, yakuda pamwamba, ndipo imasungunuka mu carbon disulfide. Bitumeni ndi simenti yopangidwa ndi organic yomwe ilibe madzi, imateteza chinyezi komanso yosachita dzimbiri. Phula likhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: phula la malasha, phula la mafuta ndi phula lachilengedwe: pakati pawo, phula la malasha ndilopangidwa ndi kuphika. phula la petroleum ndilotsalira pambuyo pa kusungunuka kwa mafuta oyambirira, ndiye ubwino wake ndi wotani wogwiritsira ntchito zida zosinthidwa (kulongosola: mkhalidwe wabwino umene ungathe kugonjetsa wotsutsa)?

Zosungunulira (katundu: zowonekera, zamadzimadzi zopanda mtundu) ndi zokutira zamadzi zotengera madzi zimafuna nthawi yopangira filimu, nthawi yowuma pamwamba ndi nthawi yowuma yolimba mukamaliza kumanga. M’nyengo yamvula, nthaŵi zodikira zimenezi zidzawonjezereka kwambiri, motero zidzakhudza kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito yonseyo. phula labala losachiritsika (zolemba: asphaltene ndi utomoni) zokutira zopanda madzi zimatha kuikidwa ndi zida zodzitetezera kuti zimange wosanjikiza ntchito yomangayo ikamalizidwa, ndipo sichidzakhudzidwa konse ndi nyengo yamvula.
Chigawo chapansi chiyenera kukhala chosalala, cholimba, choyera, komanso chopanda madzi. Khungu lililonse la konkire, misomali yopangidwa ndi formwork, ma protrusions amatope, ndi zina zotere ziyenera kutsukidwa. Zida zosinthidwa za phula ndikuwonjezera zosakaniza zakunja (zosintha) monga mphira, utomoni, ma polima apamwamba kwambiri, ufa wa rabara wosakanizidwa bwino kapena zodzaza zina, kapena kuchitapo kanthu monga kukonza phula pang'onopang'ono kwa phula kusakaniza phula kapena phula. Makona amkati ndi akunja, mizu ya chitoliro, maziko a zida ndi zina zomangira phula zomwe zimapangidwa powongolera magwiridwe antchito azinthu ziyenera kupangidwa kukhala ma arcs, ndipo mainchesi a arc ayenera kukhala akulu kuposa 50mm. Gwiritsani ntchito kukanda pamanja pokonza zolumikizira, zomangira (zopangidwa ndi mitu ndi zomangira), dzimbiri m'deralo (kutanthauzira: kumatanthauza kuvunda, kuzimiririka, kukokoloka, etc.) . Ikani zigawo zowonjezera kumadera ofooka monga ngodya. Pansi pa maziko a pansi pa nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalala komanso yolimba. Pasakhale chilema monga kusenga mchenga ndi pobowola; ngodya zamkati ndi zakunja ziyenera kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a arc (kulongosola: ndi mzere wokongola) kapena ngodya za obtuse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamwamba payenera kukhala yoyera komanso yowuma, ndipo kumanga wosanjikiza madzi kumatheka pokhapokha atadutsa kuvomereza kobisika.
Pa ntchito yomanga, kuwonjezera pa zomangira nthawi zonse, muyenera kusamala kwambiri za nyengo ndikukonzekera bwino ntchito yomanga. Panthawi yoyimitsa mvula, zida zosinthidwa za asphalt zimasakanizidwa ndi mphira, utomoni, ma polima apamwamba kwambiri, ufa wa rabara wosakanizidwa bwino kapena Zodzaza zina ndi zina zakunja (modifiers), kapena miyeso monga phula pang'ono oxidation, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza ntchito zosakaniza za asphalt kapena asphalt. M'nyengo yamvula yomanga zomangira phula, ntchito yoletsa kutsetsereka iyenera kuchitidwa kuti zida zomangira zisachitike komanso ngozi za ogwira ntchito.
Misewu ndi zipangizo pa malo omangawo ziyenera kukhala ndi ngalande zosalala, ndikuyesera kuonetsetsa kuti mvula imasiya ndipo madzi amauma kuti madzi asapitirire pansi. Onetsetsani kuti zida zomangira ndi zida zotetezedwa ku mvula ndi chinyezi. Poyerekeza ndi zomangamanga m'nyengo yamvula, kumanga nyengo yozizira m'nyengo yozizira kumakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pa zipangizo ndi antchito. Kutentha kochepa, mvula, chipale chofewa, ndi ayezi zonse zimayesa kumanga kwa madzi. Nthawi zambiri, polowa m'malo a nyengo pansi pa 0 ℃ m'nyengo yozizira, malo ambiri omanga amasankha kusiya ntchito ndikudikirira kuti nyengo itenthe asanayambe ntchito.
Nthawi yotentha kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira ndi yaitali kwambiri. Nthawi yomangayo ikangotha, tiyenera kukumana ndi vuto la kutsika kwa kutentha m'nyengo yozizira. Pakuti zosungunulira (katundu: mandala, colorless zamadzimadzi) mtundu zokutira madzi ndi zokutira madzi ofotokoza madzi, ngati kuwonjezeka filimu mapangidwe nthawi, pamwamba kuyanika nthawi ndi olimba kuyanika nthawi mu mvula si kupanga kumanga zosatheka, ndiye pansi pa kutentha otsika mikhalidwe mu yozizira The icing phenomenon kwenikweni amalengeza kuti palibe kuthekera kumanga. Komabe, phula lopanda kuchiritsidwa (zolemba: asphaltene ndi utomoni) zokutira zopanda madzi zomwe zili ndi gawo limodzi lolimba loposa 99% alibe vutoli. Makulidwe ofunikira kuti asatseke madzi amatha kupezeka pambuyo kupopera mbewu kapena kukanda, ndipo zinthu zopukutira zimatha kuyikidwa nthawi yomweyo. Kapena zinthu zafilimu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthidwa za asphalt munyengo zosiyanasiyana.