Sitasiyo ivanga asfalt nigikoresho cyingirakamaro kandi cyingenzi mubikorwa byo kubaka umuhanda no kubaka umuhanda wa komini. Ibyiza nibiranga igishushanyo mbonera cyayo nubwubatsi bifite akamaro kanini mukuzamura ireme ryumushinga, kwihutisha iterambere ryubwubatsi, no kugabanya ibiciro.
1. Gutegura neza
Mubibanza byashushanyijemo kuvanga asfalt, gutegura urubuga rwumvikana ni ngombwa. Mbere ya byose, birakenewe kumenya ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro nubuso bwa ?? sitasiyo ivanze ukurikije igipimo cyumushinga nibisabwa kubaka. Binyuze mu bumenyi bwa siyansi, ahantu hatandukanye hakorerwa nko kubika ibikoresho bibisi, kuvanga ahantu, hamwe nububiko bwibikoresho byarangiye bigabanijwe ku buryo bushyize mu gaciro, bigatuma inzira yo gutwara ibintu yoroshye, kugabanya intera nigihe cyo gutwara, no kuzamura umusaruro.
Byongeye kandi, birakenewe kandi gusuzuma imiterere yimiterere n’ibidukikije bikikije urubuga, kandi ukagerageza guhitamo ikibanza gifite ubutaka bunini kandi bworoshye bwo gutwara ibintu kugirango byoroherezwe no gutwara ibikoresho. Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe ko twirinda kubaka sitasiyo zivanga ahantu hashobora kwangiza ibidukikije nko gutura hamwe n’ahantu ho kurinda amazi kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka ku bidukikije.

2. Guhitamo ibikoresho bigezweho
Guhitamo ibikoresho byo kuvanga asifalt bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye no gukora neza. Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho, ugomba guhitamo ibikoresho bifite imikorere igezweho, kwizerwa cyane, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije ukurikije ibisabwa ningengo yimishinga. Kurugero, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo kuvanga tekinoroji hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura birashobora kunoza kuvanga uburinganire nubwiza bwibicuruzwa; guhitamo gutwika neza hamwe no gukusanya ivumbi birashobora kugabanya gukoresha ingufu no guhumanya ibidukikije.
Muri icyo gihe, hagomba no gutekerezwa uburyo bwo gufata neza ibikoresho no kubitaho, kandi abatanga ibikoresho bafite serivisi nziza nyuma yo kugurisha bagomba guhitamo kugirango imikorere isanzwe nubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho.
3. Uburyo bwiza bwo kubaka
Mugihe cyo kubaka uruganda ruvanga asfalt, inzira nziza yo kubaka irashobora kuzamura neza ubwubatsi nubwiza. Mbere ya byose, gahunda yubwubatsi irambuye hamwe na gahunda yubwubatsi bigomba gutegurwa kugirango bisobanure neza igihe nibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwa buri murongo wubwubatsi. Mugihe cyubwubatsi, gahunda yubwubatsi igomba gukurikizwa byimazeyo kugirango ubwiza n’umutekano byubakwe.
Icya kabiri, birakenewe gushimangira guhuza no gutumanaho mugihe cyubwubatsi no gukemura ibibazo bivuka mugihe cyubwubatsi mugihe gikwiye. Kurugero, mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho, birakenewe gukorana cyane nuwitanga ibikoresho kugirango harebwe ubwiza bwubwubatsi niterambere ryibikoresho; mugihe cyubwubatsi bwabaturage, birakenewe guhuza gahunda yubwubatsi no gukorana nitsinda ryubwubatsi kugirango birinde kwivanga.
4. Kugenzura neza ubuziranenge
Ubwiza nurufunguzo rwo kubaka ibihingwa bivanga asfalt, kandi hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Kuva kugura no kugenzura ibikoresho fatizo kugeza gushiraho no gutangiza ibikoresho, hanyuma kugeza kugenzura ubuziranenge mugihe cyumusaruro, ibikorwa bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amahame abigenga. Shimangira igenzura ryiza ryibikoresho fatizo kugirango ubuziranenge bwibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa; gukora neza kwemeza kwishyiriraho no gutangiza ibikoresho kugirango harebwe niba imikorere n'ibipimo by'ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa; mugihe cyibikorwa, hagomba gukorwa igenzura ryiza ryibicuruzwa kugirango hamenyekane vuba kandi bikemure ibibazo byubuziranenge.
5. Ingamba zo kubungabunga umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije
Mubishushanyo mbonera no kubaka ibihingwa bivanga asfalt, ibikorwa byumutekano no kurengera ibidukikije bigomba guhabwa agaciro gakomeye. Birakenewe gushyiraho uburyo bwuzuye bwo gucunga umutekano na gahunda yihutirwa, gushimangira inyigisho zumutekano n’amahugurwa kubakozi bashinzwe ubwubatsi, no kunoza ubumenyi bw’umutekano n’ubumenyi bw’imirimo y’ubwubatsi. Shiraho ibimenyetso bigaragara byo kuburira umutekano ahazubakwa kandi utegure ibikoresho bikenewe byo kurinda umutekano kugirango umutekano w’abakozi bubaka.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zifatika zo kurengera ibidukikije kugira ngo umwanda ugabanuke. Kurugero, mugihe cyo kubika no gutwara ibikoresho fatizo, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gukumira umukungugu no kumeneka; mugihe cyo kuvanga, gukusanya ivumbi ryiza cyane bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango bigabanye imyuka ihumanya; amazi y’imyanda n’imyanda ikorwa mugihe cyibikorwa bigomba gukorwa neza kandi ikarekurwa hubahirijwe ibipimo.
Muri make, igishushanyo mbonera no kubaka inganda zivanga asifalt zifite ibyiza nko gutegura ibibanza bifatika, guhitamo ibikoresho bigezweho, uburyo bwiza bwo kubaka, kugenzura neza ubuziranenge n’umutekano ndetse n’ingamba zo kurengera ibidukikije. Binyuze mu gishushanyo mbonera cya siyansi no kubaka neza, ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, bukora neza, buzigama ingufu n’ibidukikije bivanga asfalt byangiza ibidukikije birashobora kubakwa kugirango bitange inkunga ikomeye yo kubaka imihanda no kubaka imihanda ya komini.