[1]. EVA yahinduwe bitumen EVA ifite guhuza neza na bitumen kandi irashobora gushonga no gukwirakwizwa muri bitum ishyushye idafite urusyo rwa colloid cyangwa imashini itunganya imashini, byoroshye kuyikoresha.
Mu myaka yashize, imishinga ya kaburimbo ya bitumen muri Afrika yakoreshejwe cyane, bityo bagenzi babo bo murugo baributswa kwitondera.
[2]. Ubukonje bwinshi, elastique yo hejuru hamwe nubukomezi bukabije bwahinduwe bitumen. Ikizamini cya bitumen hamwe no gukomera birakwiriye cyane kuri SBR yahinduwe bitumen, ariko iyo ikoreshejwe kuri bitumen yo hejuru ya viscoelastic ihinduwe, demoulding ikunze kubaho, bigatuma ikizamini kidashoboka. Urebye ibi, birasabwa gukoresha imashini isuzuma ibikoresho rusange kugirango ikore ibizamini bya viscosity na ubukana bwa bitumen yahinduwe cyane, wandike umurongo uhangayikishije, kandi ukoreshe uburyo bwo guhuza kugirango ubare byoroshye ibisubizo byikizamini. 3. Ibikoresho byinshi bya rubber bihinduranya bitumen Hamwe na karubone hamwe no gushyiraho intego zo kutabogama kwa karubone, kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ni ngombwa. Inganda zipine zahuye nikibazo cy "umusaruro mwinshi n’imyanda myinshi" kuva yatangira no gukora. Amapine arasaba gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye umutungo kamere n'ingufu ziva mu musaruro kugeza kujugunywa, bigatera imyuka myinshi ya gaze karuboni.
Ibice byingenzi bigize amapine ni karubone, ndetse amapine yataye afite ibice birenga 80% bya karubone. Amapine yimyanda arashobora kugarura ibikoresho ningufu nyinshi, gutunganya karubone mubicuruzwa, no kugera ku ntego yo kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya. Amapine yimyanda nibikoresho bya polymer byoroshye bigoye kuyitesha agaciro. Bafite ubuhanga bukomeye kandi bukomeye kandi hafi ya nta mpinduka z'umubiri cyangwa imiti zibaho mubushyuhe bwa -50C kugeza 150C. Kubwibyo, niba bemerewe kwangirika bisanzwe mubutaka, bazabikora Bitagize ingaruka kumikurire yikimera, inzira ishobora gufata imyaka 500. Umubare munini wapine yimyanda irundarunda uko bishakiye kandi ifata ubutaka bunini, bikabuza gukoresha neza ubutaka. Byongeye kandi, kwegeranya amazi igihe kirekire mumapine bizabyara imibu kandi bikwirakwize indwara, bitera ingaruka zihishe kubuzima bwabantu.
Nyuma yo kumenagura amapine yimyanda mumashanyarazi ya rubber, ibinini byinshi byahinduwe byahinduwe na bitumen (aha bita "rubber bitumen") bikozwe muburyo bwo gutunganya umuhanda, kumenya gukoresha neza umutungo, kunoza cyane imikorere yumuhanda, kwagura ubuzima bwumuhanda, no kugabanya ibiciro byumuhanda . Ishoramari ryubwubatsi.
[3]. Ni ukubera iki ari "ibintu byinshi birimo reberi yahinduwe bitumen"?
Kurwanya ubushyuhe buke
Rubber iri mu ifu yipine ya rubber ifite ifu yubushyuhe bukabije bwa elastike, bityo ivangwa rya bitumen rirashobora gukomeza gukora ibintu byoroshye mubushyuhe buke, bigatinda kubaho kwubushyuhe buke, kandi bigahindura ifu yubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane muri bitumen, byongera cyane ubwiza bwa bitumen, byongera aho byoroshya kandi bikazamura cyane ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwubushyuhe bwa bitumen nuruvange. Imvange ya anti-skid hamwe n urusaku rugabanya kuvunika urwego rwa bitumen ivanze ifite ubujyakuzimu bunini bwububiko hamwe nibikorwa byiza birwanya skid hejuru yumuhanda.
Rubber bitumen irashobora kugabanya urusaku rwo gutwara kuri décibel 3 kugeza 8 kandi ifite igihe kirekire. Ifu ya reberi yimyanda irimo antioxydants, stabilisateur yubushyuhe, ibikoresho birinda urumuri hamwe na karubone yumukara. Ongeramo bitumen irashobora gutinza cyane gusaza kwa bitumen no kuzamura ubwiza bwuruvange. Kuramba hamwe ninyungu za toni 10,000 za rubber bitumen bisaba gukoresha byibura amapine 50.000 yimyanda, bizigama toni 2000 kugeza 5000. Igipimo cyo gutunganya imyanda ni kinini, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije biragaragara, ikiguzi ni gito, ihumure ni ryiza, kandi pavement ya elastomer itandukanye nizindi nzira. Ugereranije no gutuza no guhumurizwa, nibyiza.
Umukara wa karubone urashobora kubika ibara ry'umukara hejuru yumuhanda igihe kirekire, bitandukanye cyane nibimenyetso hamwe no kwinjiza neza. 5. Urutare rwa Bitumen rwahinduwe amavuta ya bitumen imaze imyaka miriyoni amagana ihindagurika ryibimera mumigezi. Ihinduka mubushyuhe, umuvuduko, okiside, no gushonga. Ibintu bisa na Bitumen byakozwe mugikorwa cyibitangazamakuru hamwe na bagiteri. Nubwoko bwa bitumen bisanzwe. Ibindi bitumen bisanzwe birimo ikiyaga cya bitumen, bitumen yo mu mazi, nibindi.
Ibigize imiti: Uburemere bwa molekuline ya asfaltenes muri bitum ya rutare kuva ku bihumbi byinshi kugeza ku bihumbi icumi. Ibigize imiti ya asfaltenes ni 81.7% karubone, 7.5% hydrogène, ogisijeni 2,3%, azote 1,95%, sulfure 4.4%, aluminium 1,1%, na silikoni 0.18%. n'ibindi byuma 0.87%. Muri byo, ibirimo karubone, hydrogène, ogisijeni, azote, na sulferi ni byinshi. Hafi ya macromolecule ya asfaltene irimo amatsinda yimikorere ya polar yibintu byavuzwe haruguru, bigatuma itanga imbaraga zikomeye za adsorption hejuru yurutare. Igisekuru n'inkomoko: Bitumen yigitare ikorwa mubice byamabuye. Ubugari bwibice ni buke cyane, santimetero icumi gusa kugeza kuri metero nyinshi, kandi ubujyakuzimu bushobora kugera kuri metero zirenga magana.
1. Butum bitumen (BRA): ikorerwa mu kirwa cya Buton (BUTON), Intara ya Sulawesi, Indoneziya, Pasifika y'Amajyepfo
2. Bitumen yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru: UINTAITE (izina ry'ubucuruzi muri Amerika Gilsonite) Bitumen ikomeye yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru iherereye mu kibaya cya Uintah mu burasirazuba bwa Yudaya, mu majyaruguru ya Amerika.
3. Bitumen yo muri Irani: Qingdao ifite ibarura ryigihe kirekire.
[4]. Sichuan Qingchuan Urutare Bitumen: Yavumbuwe mu Ntara ya Qingchuan, mu Ntara ya Sichuan mu 2003, yerekanye ububiko bwa toni zirenga miliyoni 1.4 hamwe n’ububiko bwa toni zirenga miliyoni 30. Biri muri Shandong Expressway.5. Ikirombe cya bitumen cyavumbuwe n’umutwe wa 137 w’ishami rya 7 ry’ubuhinzi ry’ishami ry’inganda n’ubwubatsi ry’i Sinayi i Urho, Karamay, mu Bushinwa mu 2001 ni cyo kirombe cya mbere cya bitumen cyavumbuwe mu Bushinwa. Imikoreshereze nubwoko:
1. Shyira mu buryo butaziguye kuvanga silinderi ya bitumen ivanga sitasiyo.
2. Uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwa modulus, banza usya ifu, hanyuma wongereho matrix bitumen nka modifier.
3. Ifu ya rubber
4. Tandukanya umucanga wamavuta kandi uhuze ibirimo asfaltene. 5. Huza na sitasiyo ivanga kugirango wongere ibitekerezo bishya kumurongo:
1. Byakoreshejwe muburyo bworoshye bwibanze;
2. Yifashishwa mu gutunganya mu buryo butaziguye imihanda yo mu cyaro;
3. Kuvanga nibikoresho bitunganijwe neza (RAP) kugirango habeho kuvugurura ubushyuhe;
4. Koresha bitumen activateur kugirango uhuze amazi ya bitumen n'imbeho ubivange hejuru.
5. Asifalt yo hejuru
6. Shira beto ya asfalt