Kutanga, zvinoreva kudzivirira kuchengetedza kweasphalt kongiri pavement chimiro chinounzwa, uye ikozvino tsvagiridzo, kusimudzira uye mamiriro ekushandisa ekudzivirira kuchengetedza asphalt kongiri pavement chimiro kumba nekune dzimwe nyika inopfupikiswa. Iyo inowanzoshandiswa nzira dzekuvaka dzekudzivirira kuchengetedza kweasphalt kongiri pavement chimiro inounzwa, uye mushure mekurapa uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvekudzivirira kuchengetedza kweasphalt kongiri pavement chimiro zvinoongororwa uye kupfupikiswa, uye ramangwana rekusimudzira maitiro anotarisirwa.

Kuchengetedza kuchengetedza
Kudzivirira (Preventive maintenance) zvinoreva nzira yekugadzirisa inoshandiswa kana nzira yekufamba nayo isati yaparara. Inovandudza mamiriro ekushanda kwechimiro chekugadzirisa uye kunonoka kukanganisa kweasphalt pavement pasina kuwedzera maitiro ekutakura simba. Kuenzaniswa nemaitiro echinyakare ekugadzirisa, kuchengetedza kuchengetedza kunowedzera uye kunoda kuronga zvine musoro kuti uwane mhedzisiro yaunoda.
Kubva 2006, iyo yaimbova Ministry of Transport yakakurudzira kushandiswa kwekudzivirira kuchengetedza munyika yose. Mumakore gumi apfuura, vashandi vemunyika yangu vanogadzirisa mainjiniya makuru vakatanga kubvuma nekushandisa gadziriro yekudzivirira, uye tekinoroji yekudzivirira yakawedzera kukura. Munguva ye "Gumi Nemashanu-Chirongwa cheMakore mashanu", chikamu chekuchengetedzwa kwedziviriro mumapurojekiti ekugadzirisa nyika yangu chakawedzera nezvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana gore rega rega, uye zvakawana migumisiro inoshamisa yekushanda kwemigwagwa. Zvisinei, panguva ino, basa rekuchengetedza rekudzivirira harisati rakura, uye kuchine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinofanira kudzidzwa. Chete kuburikidza nekuwanda kwekuunganidza uye kutsvagisa kunogona yekudzivirira kuchengetedza tekinoroji kuve yakakura uye kuwana zvirinani kushandiswa mhedzisiro.
Nzira huru dzekuchengetedza kuchengetedza
Munyika yangu yekugadzira mainjiniya emigwagwa, zvichienderana nehukuru uye kuoma kweprojekiti yekugadzirisa, chirongwa chekugadzirisa chakakamurwa kuita: kugadzirisa, kugadzirisa kudiki, kugadzirisa kwepakati, kugadzirisa kukuru nekugadzirisa, asi hapana chikamu chakasiyana chekudzivirira kuchengetedza, zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kuitwa kwekudzivirira kuchengetedza zvirongwa. Nokudaro, mune ramangwana rekugadzirisa kugadzirisa, kuchengetedza kwekudzivirira kunofanira kuiswa muhutano hwekugadzirisa. Parizvino, nzira dzekuvaka dzinowanzoshandiswa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika kuitira kudzivirira kuchengetedza asphalt kongiri pavement chimiro zvinosanganisira kuvhara, slurry sealing micro-surfacing, fog sealing uye yakapwanyika chisimbiso chebwe.
Kuisa chisimbiso kunonyanya kusanganisira maitiro maviri: grouting uye grouting. Grouting ndeyekushandisa engineering glue yekuisa chisimbiso chakananga panzvimbo inoitika kuputika munzira. Sezvo kuputika kwakavharwa neglue, ukuru hwezvimedu hazvigoni kuva hukuru. Iyi nzira inokodzera chete kune zvirwere zvine zvirwere zvinyoro uye zviduku zvakaputika upamhi. Pakugadzirisa, gel ine viscoelasticity yakanaka uye kugadzikana kwekushisa kwepamusoro kunofanira kushandiswa kurapa kuputika, uye kuputika kunoratidzika kunoda kurapwa nenguva. Kuisa chisimbiso kunoreva kupisa chikamu chakakanganisika chepamusoro pemugwagwa nekuchicheka, uyezve kushandisa sealant kunama seam mumigero.
Slurry sealing micro-surface tekinoroji inoreva nzira yekuparadzira chinhu chakavhenganiswa chakagadzirwa nekusanganisa imwe giredhi redombo, emulsified asphalt, mvura, uye filler munzira yemugwagwa uchishandisa slurry sealer. Iyi nzira inogona kunyatsogadzirisa kushanda kwemugwagwa wepamusoro pemugwagwa, asi haina kukodzera kurapwa kwezvirwere zvemugwagwa nezvirwere zvakakura.
Mist sealing tekinoroji inoshandisa asphalt spreader kupfapfaidza yakanyanya permeable modified asphalt pamusoro pemugwagwa kuti igadzire mugwagwa pamusoro pemvura. Iyo ichangobva kuumbwa mugwagwa wepamusoro-isingapindi mvura layer inogona kuvandudza kudzivirira kwemvura yemugwagwa uye zvinobudirira kudzivirira hunyoro kubva pakuwedzera kukuvadza chimiro chemukati.
Chip seal tekinoroji inoshandisa otomatiki sprayer kuisa huwandu hwakakodzera hweasphalt munzira yemugwagwa, yobva yaparadzira matombo eimwe saizi yetimu paasphalt, uye pakupedzisira inoshandisa vhiri roller kuikungurusa kuita chimiro. Iyo nzira yemugwagwa inobatwa neiyo chip seal tekinoroji yakavandudza zvakanyanya mashandiro ayo anti-skid uye kudzivirira kwemvura.