Senzira yakakosha yemigwagwa yekufamba kwedu kwezuva nezuva, migwagwa mikuru iri kuwedzera kukosheswa nekuda kwemhando yavo. Kuve nechokwadi chekushandisa kwavo kwakajairika kunoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa. Mumazuva ano ekugadzirisa tekinoroji, tekinoroji yekuchengetedza tekinoroji inonyanya kukosha. Kuti kuderedze njodzi dzemumigwagwa, kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa mikuru isati yaitika kunovandudza kunaka uye hupenyu hwebasa remigwagwa mikuru. Chinhu chikuru chekuchengetedza chiri muchikonzero chechirwere. Izvo zvinonzi "kunyorera mushonga wakakodzera" zvinogona kuita zviri nani.
Asphalt pavement parizvino ndiyo nzira huru yenzira huru munyika yangu. Kushandiswa kwayo kwakakura kunokonzerwa nekunaka kwayo kwekupfava, kupfeka kuramba, kuvaka kuri nyore, uye nyore kunotevera kugadzirisa. Zvese zvine mativi maviri, uye asphalt pavement inewo zvikanganiso zvayo. Zvirwere zvichaitika nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, kutonhora kwakanyanya muzhizha kunokonzera kupfava, uye kutonhora kwakadzika munguva yechando kunokonzera kuputika. Nekuda kwekukanganisa kwayo, migwagwa mikuru inowanzotambura nezvirwere zvinotevera:

Kutsemuka kweLongitudinal: Mitswe inoitika mumigwagwa mikuru nekuda kwekugovanisa ivhu zvisina kuenzana uye kusagadzikana. Iwo anonyanya kutsemuka longitudinal. Pane zvikonzero zviviri: iyo mugwagwa pachayo, kusaenzana kwekugadzirisa mugwagwa, zvichiita kuti pave nekuitika kwekutsemuka kwe longitudinal; iyo longitudinal majoini inobatwa zvisina kunaka panguva yeasphalt paving process, uye mutoro wemotokari uye mamiriro ekunze panguva yekushandiswa zvinotungamira pakuitika kwekutsemuka.
Transverse cracks: Asphalt kongiri inodzikira kana kugadzika zvakasiyana pasi pekuita kwekusiyana kwekushisa kwemukati, zvichiita kuti pavement iparare. Zvose zvinoputika kwenguva refu uye kuputika kwenguva refu zvirwere zvechirwere chechirwere. Kune mamwe marudzi ekutsemuka kwakachinjika. Zvakajairwa zvinosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwekugadzirisa kwakasiyana, kutsemuka kwakabatana nemutoro uye zvigadziko zvakaoma. reflective crack
Kuneta kunotsemuka: Kupesvedzera kwenzvimbo yekunze kunokonzeresa chikamu chikuru chekuumbwa kwekuneta kutsemuka. Migwagwa mikuru inofambiswa nezuva kwenguva yakareba muzhizha. Iyo inoenderera tembiricha yakakwira inopfavisa asphalt kongiri pavement. Munguva yekunaya kwemvura, mvura inonaya inonaya yopinda mukati, izvo zvinozosimudzira kuparara kweasphalt concrete pavement. Kuremerwa kwemotokari, kunyoroveswa kwepamusoro pemugwagwa kuchawedzera, simba rekutanga rekutakura remugwagwa richaderedzwa, uye kutenderera kwenguva refu kuchaita kuti kuneta kutsemuka.
Reflective cracks: inonyanya kuenderana nemukati extrusion uye shrinkage yepavement. Zvikamu zvitatu zvemugwagwa mukuru, mugwagwa, chigadziko chepamusoro uye chigadziko chepamusoro, zvakagadzirirwa kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi. Nheyo yehwaro iri pakati pemugwagwa nepamusoro pepamusoro. Extrusion uye shrinkage ye base layer inokonzera kuputika. Kutsemuka kwechigadziko chepasi kucharatidzwa kumugwagwa wemugwagwa uye pamusoro pepamusoro, pamwe chete nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekunze. Yakakanganiswa, mitswe inopenya inooneka.
Rut kukuvara: Kune marudzi matatu ekukuvadzwa kweruti: kusagadzikana kwerutsi, structural ruts uye abrasion ruts. Rutting deformation inonyanya kukonzerwa nehunhu hweasphalt material pachayo. Pakupisa kwepamusoro, asphalt inova isina kugadzikana, uye chiito chinoramba chiripo chemotokari pane asphalt pavement chinokonzera kushanduka kwenguva refu kwepavement. Iyo asphalt zvinhu inopinda viscous kuyerera pasi pekunetseka, zvichikonzera ruts. Chero chimiro chichava nekukanganisa pamusoro pemugwagwa.
Mafashamo emafuta: Iyo asphalt musanganiswa dhizaini uye kugadzirwa ine yakawandisa asphalt, musanganiswa hauna kudzorwa zvakanaka, uye asphalt pachayo haina kugadzikana. Pakuisa asphalt pavement, huwandu hweoiri inonamira haina kudzorwa zvakanaka uye mvura inonaya inopinda mukati, zvichikonzera mafashama emafuta mune inotevera nhanho. Mumamiriro okunze anopisa, asphalt inofamba zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pasi uye chikamu chepasi chemusanganiswa kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti asphalt iunganidzwe. Pamusoro pezvo, mvura inonaya inoita kuti asphalt irambe ichisvuuka uye ichifamba, uye asphalt yakawandisa inoungana panzira, ichideredza kugona kwenzira yekurwisa skid. Chirwere chisingadzoreki chenzira imwe chete.