Mumamiriro ekunze anoramba achinaya panguva yekunaya kwemvura, mashandisiro ebhitumen isina kupora (kuumbwa: asphaltene uye resin) isina mvura yekuputira uye membrane inoumbwa kuvaka, chero bedzi pasina mvura yakajeka pachigadziko chepasi panguva yekuvaka, haizokanganisa kunaka uye kufambira mberi kwekuvakwa kwese kusina mvura. Bitumen debarking equipment musanganiswa wakasvibira-brown wakaoma unoumbwa nemahydrocarbons ehuremu hwemamorekuru akasiyana uye neawo asiri esimbi. Imhando yepamusoro-viscosity organic liquid. Iyo imvura, ine pamusoro dema, uye inonyungudika mucarbon disulfide. Bitumeni iorganic cementitious material isingapinde mvura, hunyoro-hunyoro uye isingadziviriri. Bhitumini inogona kunyanya kukamurwa kuva mhando nhatu: marasha tara pitch, petroleum bhitumeni uye bhitumeni chaiyo: pakati pazvo, marasha tara pitch ndeye-chigadzirwa chekubika. Petroleum bhitumeni ndiyo inosara mushure mekunyungudutswa kwemafuta ekutanga, saka ndezvipi zvakanakira mwaka pakushandisa bhitumini yakagadziridzwa midziyo (tsananguro: mamiriro akanaka anogona kukurira mupikisi)?

Solvent (property: transparent, colorless liquid) type coating uye mvura-based waterproof coating inoda nguva yekugadzira firimu, nguva yekuomeswa kwepamusoro uye nguva yakaoma yekuoma mushure mekupedzwa kwekuvaka. Mumamiriro okunze emvura, idzi nguva dzokumirira dzichawedzerwa zvikuru, nokudaro dzichitapura kufambira mberi kwebasa rose. Bitumen yerabha isina kupora (kuumbwa: asphaltene uye resin) yekuputira isina mvura inogona kuiswa nezvinhu zvemupumburu zvekudzivirira dhizaini yekuvaka mushure mekuvakwa kwapera, uye haizokanganiswi nemamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro zvachose.
Iyo base layer inofanirwa kuve yakatsetseka, yakasimba, yakachena, uye isina mvura inobuda. Chero ganda rekongiri, zvipikiri zveformwork, dhaka protrusions, nezvimwe zvinoda kucheneswa. Yakagadziridzwa bhitumeni midziyo ndeyekuwedzera ekunze admixtures (modhifita) senge rabha, resin, yakakwira molecular polymers, yakatsetseka yakagadzika rabha poda kana mamwe mafirita, kana kutora matanho akadai seakapfava oxidation processing yebhitumini kusanganisa asphalt kana asphalt. Makona emukati nekunze, midzi yepombi, nheyo yemidziyo uye mamwe mashoko ebhitumen binder yakagadzirwa nekuvandudza kushanda kwezvinhu zvinofanira kuitwa ma arcs, uye arc diameter inofanira kuva yakakura kudarika 50mm. Shandisa manual scraping kugadzirisa majoini, mabhaudhi (anoumbwa nemisoro uye screws), ngura yemunharaunda ( dudziro: inoreva kuora, kunyangarika, kukukurwa, nezvimwewo) uye zvimwe zvisina simba ( tsananguro: dzakaonda asi dzisina kusimba) zvikamu pamwe nekutsemuka nemicheto. . Isa mamwe matinji kunzvimbo dzisina simba semakona. Kumusoro kwechigadziko chechimiro chepasi pevhu kunofanira kuva kwakatsetseka uye kwakasimba. Panofanira kunge pasina chakaremara sekuita jecha nekuchera; makona emukati nekunze anofanirwa kugadzirwa kuita arc maumbirwo (tsananguro: mutsara unoyevedza) kana obtuse angles. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kuva yakachena uye yakaoma, uye kuvakwa kwemvura kusina mvura kunogona kuitwa chete mushure mokupfuura kugamuchirwa kwakavanzika.
Munguva yekuvaka, kunze kwezvigadziro zvekuvaka nguva dzose, iwe unofanirwawo kunyatsoteerera kune mamiriro ekunze uye kuronga zvine musoro zvirongwa zvekuvaka. Munguva yekunaya kwemvura, yakagadziridzwa asphalt midziyo inosanganiswa nerabha, resin, yakakwirira molecular polymers, yakatsetseka pasi rabha poda kana mamwe maFiller uye mamwe ekunze admixtures (modifiers), kana nhanho senge nyoro oxidation yebhitumen, inogona kushandiswa kuvandudza kushanda kweasphalt kana asphalt musanganiswa. Munguva yekunaya kwemvura kugadzirwa kwebhitumini, basa rekusimudzira bhitumini rinofanira kuitwa kudzivirira midziyo yekuvaka kubva uye njodzi dzevashandi.
Migwagwa uye zvivakwa panzvimbo yekuvaka zvinofanirwa kunge zvine mvura yakatsetseka, uye edza kuona kuti mvura inomira uye mvura inopwa kudzivirira mvura yakawandisa pasi. Ita shuwa kuti midziyo yekuvaka uye zvinhu zvadzivirirwa kubva kumvura nekunyorova. Kuenzaniswa nekuvaka mumwaka wekunaya, kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze kuvakwa munguva yechando kune zvakatonyanya kuomesesa zvinodiwa zvemidziyo nevashandi. Kudzikira tembiricha, mvura, sinou, uye ice zvese zvinoedza kuvaka kusapinda mvura. Kazhinji, kana uchipinda mumamiriro ekunze ari pasi pe0 ℃ munguva yechando, nzvimbo zhinji dzekuvaka dzinosarudza kumisa kuvaka uye kumirira kuti kunze kudziya kusati kwatanga basa.
Iyo yakaderera tembiricha nguva muchando yakarebesa. Kana chirongwa chekuvaka chakasimba, tinofanirwa kutarisana nedambudziko rekuvaka tembiricha yakaderera munguva yechando. For solvent (property: transparent, colorless liquid) mhando yekuvhara mvura uye mvura-based waterproof coatings, kana kuwedzera kwenguva yekugadzira firimu, nguva yekuomeswa kwepamusoro uye nguva yakaoma yekuoma mukunaya kwemvura hakuiti kuti kuvaka kurege kuitika, ipapo pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akadzika mukati. nguva yechando Chiitiko che icing chinonyanya kutaura kuti hapana mukana wekuvaka. Zvisinei, asphalt isina kupora (kuumbwa: asphaltene uye resin) mabhanhire emvura ane chikamu chimwe chete chakasimba chinopfuura 99% haana dambudziko iri. Ukobvu hunodiwa pakudzivirira mvura hunogona kuwanikwa mushure mekupfapfaidza kana kukwesha, uye iyo roll zvinhu inogona kuiswa nekukurumidza. Kana kuti zvinhu zvemufirimu zvinogona kushandiswa. Zvinhu zvekuteerera kana uchishandisa yakagadziridzwa asphalt midziyo mumwaka wakasiyana.