Bitumen la beddelay
Bitumen la beddelay waa daamur-ku-xidhaha la sameeyay iyadoo lagu darayo waxyaabo lagu daray (wax-beddeleyaal) sida caag, xabagta, polymer, bitumen-dabiiciga ah, budada caagga ah ee dhulka ama walxo kale si loo hagaajiyo waxqabadka bitumen ama isku dhafka bitumen. Habka soo saarida bitumen la bedelay ee dhammaatay ee warshad go'an oo sahayda goobta dhismaha. Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee bitumen la beddelay waa in ay aad ugu habboon tahay in la isticmaalo, marka la barbardhigo isticmaalka bitumen caadiga ah, marka lagu daro baahida loo qabo in la hagaajiyo shuruudaha xakamaynta heerkulka, inta soo hartay farqiga maaha mid yar. Intaa waxaa dheer, asphalt-ka la beddelay ayaa sidoo kale leh dabacsanaan iyo dabacsanaan, wuxuu u adkeysan karaa dildilaaca, hagaajinta caabbinta abrasion iyo sii dheereynta nolosha adeegga, si wax ku ool ah u yareeyo dayactirka dambe, badbaadinta wakhtiga shaqaalaha iyo kharashka dayactirka, daamurka hadda la beddelay ee laamiyada waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa marin-haweedka garoonka diyaaradaha. Sagxada buundada biyuhu aanay biyuhu ku jirin, barxadda baabuurta la dhigto, garoon ciyaaraha, laamiyada taraafig badan, isgoysyada iyo leexashada wadooyinka iyo codsiyada kale ee laamiyada gaarka ah.
Sinoroader
warshad bitumen oo la beddelaywaa doorasho ku habboon in la soo saaro bitumen caag ah, taas oo ah shay si ballaaran loo isticmaalo mashaariicda dhismaha. Waxaa gacanta ku haya nidaamka kombayutarka, waa mid si fudud loo shaqeeyo, la isku halayn karo oo sax ah. Warshadan farsamaynta bitumen-ka ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa soosaarka joogtada ah ee hufan ee khad dhamaystiran oo alaabta asphalt ah. Bitumen-ka ay soo saartaa waa xasillooni heerkul sarreeya, caabbinta gabowga, iyo adkeysi sare. Iyadoo waxqabadkeedu uu la kulmay xaalado shaqo oo kala duwan, warshadda bitumen ee la beddelay ayaa si ballaaran loogu dabaqay mashaariicda dhismaha waddooyinka.