1. Qeexida budada caagga ah ee bitumen la beddelay
Budada caagga ah ee bitumen wax laga beddelay ( caag bitumen ah, oo loo yaqaan AR) waa nooc cusub oo ah walxo isku dhafan oo tayo sare leh. Marka la eego ficilka isku dhafan ee qaniinyada taraafiga ee culus, budada caagga ah ee taayirada qashinka iyo isku-darka, budada caaggu waxay nuugtaa resins, hydrocarbons iyo walxaha kale ee organic ee bitumen, waxayna ku martaa isbeddel jireed iyo kiimiko taxane ah si ay u qoyso oo u ballaariso budada caagga ah. Viscosity-ku wuu kordhaa, barta jilcinta ayaa kordheysa, iyo mawjadaha, adkaanta, iyo dabacsanaanta caagga iyo bitumen ayaa la tixgeliyaa, taas oo kor u qaadeysa waxqabadka wadada ee bitumen caag ah.
"Bitumen-ka budada ah ee wax laga beddelay" waxaa loola jeedaa budada caagga ah ee laga sameeyay taayirada qashinka, taas oo lagu daro beddelka bitumen-ka saldhigga ah. Waxaa lagu sameeyaa ficilo taxane ah sida heerkul sare, wax lagu daro iyo isku dhafka xiirta ee qalab gaar ah. wax lagu dhejiyo.
Mabda'a wax ka beddelka ee budada caagga ah ee wax laga beddelay waa walax sibidhka bitumen ah oo la beddelay oo ay samaysay falcelinta bararka buuxda ee u dhexeeya qaybaha budada caagga ah ee taayirka iyo qaniinyada matrixka ee si buuxda isku dhafan xaaladaha heerkulka sare. Budada caagga ah ee bitumen-ka wax laga beddelay ayaa si weyn u wanaajisay waxqabadka bitumen-ka, wayna ka sarraysaa bitumen-ka la beddelay ee laga sameeyay beddelayaasha hadda sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo sida SBS, SBR, EVA, iwm. Iyadoo la eegayo waxqabadkeeda wanaagsan iyo waxtarka weyn ee ilaalinta deegaanka, khabiirada saadaali in budada caagga ah ee la beddelay ee bitumen la filayo inay beddesho SBS oo la beddelay.
2. Astaamaha budada caagga ah ee bitumen la beddelay
Caagga loo isticmaalo bitumen-ka la beddelay waa polymer aad u laastig ah. Ku darista budada caagga ah ee vulcanized ee bitumen-ka salka waxay gaari kartaa ama xitaa dhaafi kartaa saameyn la mid ah tan styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer modified bitumen. Astaamaha budada caagga ah ee bitumen la beddelay waxaa ka mid ah:
2.1. Gelitaanka ayaa yaraada, barta jilcintu way korodhaa, viscosity-kuna wuu kordhaa, taas oo muujinaysa in xasiloonida heerkulka sare ee bitumen ay soo hagaagayso, iyo dhacdooyinka jeexjeexa iyo riixitaanka wadada ee xagaaga ayaa la wanaajiyaa.
2.2. Dareenka heerkulka waa la dhimay. Marka heerkulku hooseeyo, bitumen-ku wuu jabaa, taas oo keenta in laamiga ay dillaacaan walaac; marka heerkulku sarreeyo, laamigu wuu jilicsanaadaa oo wuu qallalaa iyadoo ay saameeyaan baabuurta sida. Ka dib marka la beddelo budada caagga ah, dareenka heerkulka bitumen waa la wanaajiyey iyo caabbinta socodka waa la wanaajiyey. Isku dhafka viscosity ee budada caagga ah ee la beddelay ayaa ka weyn tan bitumen-ka, taas oo muujinaysa in bitumen-ka la beddelay uu leeyahay iska caabin sare oo is-beddelka socodka.
2.3. Waxqabadka heerkulka hooseeya waa la hagaajiyay. Budada caagga ah waxay wanaajin kartaa ductility heerkulka hooseeya ee bitumen waxayna kordhin kartaa dabacsanaanta bitumen.
2.4. adhesion oo la xoojiyey. Marka dhumucda filimka bitumen-ka caagga ah ee ku dheggan dusha dhagaxa ay korodho, laamiga bitumen caabbinta waxyeellada biyaha waa la wanaajin karaa waxaana la kordhin karaa nolosha wadada.
2.5. Iska yaree wasakhowga sawaxanka.
2.6. Kordhi xajinta u dhaxaysa taayirada gaadhiga iyo dusha wadada oo wanaaji badbaadada wadista.