Galitaanka la isku halayn karo oo degdeg ah inta lagu jiro codsiga, emulsions bitumen si fudud ayaa loo qasi karaa. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa codsiyada kala duwan ee warshadaha dhismaha. Daaweynta dusha sare waxaa loo sameeyaa si loo hubiyo in lakabka sare ee dariiqa ama laamiga laga ilaaliyo inuu ka ilaaliyo biyaha ama qoyaanka dhexgalka. Waxay ka hortagtaa boodhka waxayna ilaalisaa waddooyinka waaweyn. Waxqabadka si kastaba ha ahaatee waxaa saameeya arrimo la isku daray, joogteynta emulsion, iyo heerkulka.

Sidee loo sameeyaa Emulsion Bitumen?
Emulsion bitumen waxaa lagu horumariyaa laba tillaabo oo fudud. Biyaha marka hore waxaa lagu daraa wakiilka emulsifying iyo walxo kale oo kiimiko ah. Kadibna, mishiinka kolloidal ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daro biyaha, emulsifier, iyo bitumen. Iyadoo ku xiran dhamaadka isticmaalka emulsion bitumen, tirada bitumen ayaa lagu daraa isku dhafka. Marka emulsifier-ka loo sameeyo badeecad muhiim ah, waxa loo isticmaali karaa inta u dhaxaysa 60-70%.

Qadarka caadiga ah ee bitumen ee lagu daray isku darka waa inta u dhaxaysa 40% iyo 70%. Warshada kolloidalku waxay bitumen u kala soocdaa qaybo yaryar. Celceliska cabbirka dhibicda waa ku dhawaad ​​2 microns. Laakin dhibcuhu waxa ay isku dayaan in ay is dejiyaan oo ay isku biiraan. Emulsifier, oo sidaas lagu daray, waxay soo saartaa dahaarka dusha sare ee ku wareegsan dhibco kasta oo bitumen ah taas oo, dhanka kale, ka caawisa inay ka ilaaliso dhibcaha midba midka kale. Isku darka laga helay warshadda kolloidal waa la farsameeyaa waxaana loo isticmaalaa si waafaqsan habraacyada ka dibna lagu kaydiyo haamaha kaydinta.

Noocyada Bitumen:
Emulsion-ka bitumen waxa loo kala qaybiyaa laba nooc:
Iyada oo ku saleysan dejinta waqtiga
Iyada oo ku saleysan kharashka dusha sare

Iyada oo ku saleysan Dejinta Waqtiga
Haddii emulions of bitumen lagu daro wadar ahaan, biyaha waa uumi, iyo dareeraha waa la saaraa. Kadibna bitumen-ku waxay ku dul qulqulaysaa saldhigga wadarta guud, waxay u adeegtaa sidii wakiil xidhitaan oo si tartiib ah isu xoojiya. Habkani wuxuu u qaybsan yahay saddexda kooxood ee soo socda, iyadoo ku xiran xawaaraha ay biyuhu uumi baxaan iyo walxaha qashinka ah ee ka soo baxa biyaha:
Emulsion Dejinta Degdegga ah (RS)
Dejinta Dhexdhexaadka Emulsion (MS)
Dejinta tartiib tartiib ah Emulsion (SS)

Bitumen waxaa loola jeedaa inay si fudud u jebiso maadaama emulsion-ku yahay nooc deg-deg ah oo emulsion ah. Qaabkan emulsion-ku si fudud ayuu u dejiyaa oo wuu daaweeyaa. Marka la dhigo isku-darka, emulsions ee goobta dhexdhexaadka ah ma dillaacaan si lama filaan ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka jeexjeexyada macdanaha ah ee macdanaha ah lagu daro isku-darka emulsifier-ga isku-darka ah, habka jebinta ayaa bilaabmaya. Emulsions dejinta qunyar-socodka ah ayaa la abuuray iyadoo la kaashanayo nooc gaar ah oo emulsifier ah kaas oo hoos u dhigaya habka dejinta. Foomamkan emulsion-ka ayaa ah kuwo aad u adag.

Iyada oo ku saleysan Kharashka Dusha sare
Emulsions bitumen waxa loo qaybiyaa ugu horrayn saddexda kooxood ee soo socda iyadoo ku xidhan nooca kharashka dusha sare:
Anionic Bitumen Emulsion
Emulsion cationic Bitumen
Bitumen Emulsion oo aan ahayn Ionic

Qaybaha bitumen waxaa lagu dallaci karaa koronto-negatively haddii ay dhacdo emulsion bitumen anionic, halka ay dhacdo emulsions cationic, qayb bituminous waa electro-positive. Maanta, emulsion cationic of bitumen ayaa inta badan la isticmaalaa. Iyada oo ku saleysan halabuurka macdanta ee wadarta loo isticmaalo dhismaha, waxaa muhiim ah in la qaado emulsion of bitumen. Isku-darka isku-darka wuxuu noqdaa mid koronto-negatively ah lagu dallaci karo kiisaska isku-darka silica-hodanka ah. Emulsion cationic waa in lagu daraa. Tani waxay gacan ka geysaneysaa in la faafiyo bitumen oo si waxtar leh loogu daro isku-darka. Si loo xalliyo aqueous, surfactants non-ionic ma soo jiidan ions. Solubility waxay ku salaysan tahay jiritaanka molecules polar. Isticmaalka surfactants nonionic sida emulsifier, inkasta oo aysan ku jirin habka biyaha, laakiin marxaladda bitumen, sida kor lagu sharaxay, waa mid aad u xiiso badan maadaama ay la socdaan dhammaan surfactants ion.

Ma jiro emulsion nooc kasta ah oo ku filan hawl kasta; waxay ku xiran tahay aashitada ama dabeecadda aasaasiga ah ee wadarta guud. Iyada oo ku saleysan heerkulka hawada, xawaaraha dabaysha iyo cabbirka emulsion, wakhtiga dejinta ayaa laga yaabaa inuu kala duwanaado. Awoodda kaydinta ayaa aad u yar. Kala soocida sare waa hage aad ku dooranayso u dhigma ku haboon shuruudahaaga.