Ukuguqula iiaggregates kunye nebhitumene zibe yiasphalt ukwakha iindlela kufuna inkqubo yokuxuba i-thermal. Isityalo sokuxuba i-asphalt siyimfuneko kule nto. Injongo yesityalo sokuxuba i-asphalt kukudibanisa i-aggregate kunye ne-asphalt kunye kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakamileyo ukuvelisa umxube we-asphalt paving homogeneous. I-aggregate esetyenzisiweyo ingaba yinto enye, indibaniselwano ye-coarse kunye ne-fine aggregates, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-mineral filler. Isixhobo se-binder esisetyenzisiweyo siqhelekile njenge-asphalt kodwa inokuba yi-asphalt emulsion okanye enye yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezilungisiweyo. Izongezo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izinto ezingamanzi kunye nomgubo, nazo zinokufakwa kumxube.

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ezidumileyo zezityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt ngoku: umxube webhetshi, umxube wegubu, kunye nomxube oqhubekayo wegubu. Zontathu ezi ndidi zisebenza eyona njongo iphambili, kwaye umxube we-asphalt kufuneka ufane ngokubalulekileyo nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwesityalo esisetyenzisiweyo ukuwenza. Ezi ntlobo zintathu zezityalo ziyahluka, nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni kunye nokuhamba kwezinto, njengoko kuchazwe kumacandelo alandelayo.

I-Batch Mix yesityalo se-asphalt
Iplanti yokuxuba i-asphalt sisixhobo esiphambili kuyo nayiphi na inkampani yokwakha indlela. Nawuphi na umsebenzi wesityalo somxube we-asphalt unemisebenzi emininzi. Izityalo ze-asphalt Batch zivelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu kuthotho lweebhetshi. Ezi zityalo zomxube we-batch zivelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu kwinkqubo eqhubekayo. Kunokwenzeka ukuguqula kunye nokusebenzisa esi sixhobo ukuvelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu usebenzisa imathiriyeli ehlaziyiweyo. Izityalo zodidi lwebhetshi zineenguqu kuzo ezivumela ukongezwa kwe-RAP (iReclaimed asphalt pavement). Amacandelo omgangatho womxube we-asphalt batch plant zezi: inkqubo yokutya okubandayo, inkqubo yokubonelela nge-asphalt, isomisi esidibeneyo, inqaba yokuxuba, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa. I-batch plant tower ine-elevator eshushu, idekhi yesikrini, imigqomo eshushu, ihopper yokuweyisha, i-emele yokulinganisa i-asphalt, kunye ne-pugmill. I-aggregate esetyenzisiweyo kumxube iyasuswa kwii-stockpiles kwaye ifakwe kwimigqomo yokutya okubandayo. Ii-aggregates zobukhulu obuhlukeneyo zilinganiswe ngaphandle kwemigqomo yazo ngokudityaniswa kobukhulu bokuvulwa kwesango ezantsi komgqomo ngamnye kunye nesantya sebhanti yokuhambisa phantsi komgqomo. Ngokubanzi, ibhanti le-feeder ngaphantsi komgqomo ngamnye lifaka i-aggregate kwi-conveyor yokuqokelela ebekwe phantsi kwayo yonke imigqomo yokutya okubandayo. Iaggregate ithuthwa ngumhambisi oqokelelanayo kwaye idluliselwe kumhambisi otshajayo. Izinto ezikwi-conveyor yokutshaja zithwalwa zisiwe kwi-aggregate dryer.

Isomisi sisebenza kwi-counter-flow basis. I-aggregate yaziswa kwisomisi kwisiphelo esiphezulu kwaye ihanjiswa phantsi kwegubu ngazo zombini igubu lokujikeleza (ukuhamba komxhuzulane) kunye nolungiselelo lwe-flight ngaphakathi kwesomisi esijikelezayo. Isitshisi sikwisiphelo esisezantsi sesomisi, kwaye iirhasi zokukhupha eziphuma ekutshiseni kunye nenkqubo yokomisa zihamba ziye kufikelela kwisiphelo esiphezulu sesomisi, ngokuchasene (nekhawuntara ukuya) ukuhamba kwe-aggregate. Njengoko i-aggregate idilika ngeegesi zokukhupha, izinto ziyafudumala kwaye zome. Ubumanzi buyasuswa kwaye buqhutywe ngaphandle kwesomisi njengenxalenye yomlambo wokukhupha igesi.

I-aggregate eshushu, eyomileyo iyakhutshwa kwisomisi kwisiphelo esisezantsi. I-aggregate eshushu idla ngokuhanjiswa ukuya phezulu kwinqaba yokuxuba isityalo nge-elevator yebhakethi. Ekukhutshweni kwi-elevator, i-aggregate idla ngokudlula kwiseti yezikrini ezingcangcazelayo ukuya, ngokwesiqhelo, kwenye yemigqomo emine yokugcina eshushu. Izinto ezigqwesileyo ezigqwesileyo zihamba ngokuthe ngqo kuzo zonke izikrini kwi-No. amasuntswana aggregate erhabaxa ahlulwe yi
izikrini ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo kwaye zifakwe kwenye yeminye imigqomo eshushu. Ukwahlulwa kwe-aggregate kwimigqomo eshushu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bemigqomo kwiscreen esisetyenziswa kwidekhi yesikrini kunye nokuhlelwa kweaggregate kwimigqomo yokutya okubandayo.

Iaggregate eshushu, eyomisiweyo, kunye nohlengahlengiso igcinwa kwimigqomo eshushu de ikhutshwe kwisango elisezantsi komgqomo ngamnye ukuya kwihopha yokulinganisa. Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo weaggregate nganye umiselwa bubunzima.
Kwangaxeshanye ukuba iaggregate ilinganiswe kwaye ilinganiswe, i-asphalt impontshwa kwitanki yokugcina ukuya kwi-emele yokulinganisa eshushu eyahlukileyo ebekwe kwinqaba engaphezulu kwe-pugmill. Ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bezinto eziphathekayo bulinganiswa kwibhakethi kwaye lubanjwe de luthululwe kwi-pugmill. I-aggregate kwi-weigh hopper ithululelwa kwi-twin-shaft pugmill, kwaye amaqhezu ahlukeneyo adibeneyo axutywe kunye ixesha elifutshane kakhulu-ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana emi-5. Emva kweli xesha lifutshane lomxube owomileyo, i-asphalt evela kwibhakethi yokulinganisa iyakhutshwa.

kwi-pugmill, kwaye ixesha lokuxutywa okumanzi liqala. Ixesha lokuxuba ukudibanisa i-asphalt kunye ne-aggregate kufuneka lingabi ngaphezu koko lifunekayo ukugqoka ngokupheleleyo iinqununu ezidibeneyo kunye nefilimu encinci yezinto ze-asphalt-ngokuqhelekileyo kuluhlu lwe-25 ukuya kwi-35 imizuzwana, kunye nesiphelo esisezantsi solu luhlu. ukuba yipugmill ekwimeko entle. Ubungakanani bebhetshi exutywe kwi-pugmill ingaba kuluhlu lwe-1.81 ukuya kwi-5.44 yeetoni (ii-2 ukuya kwi-6 iitoni).
Xa ukuxuba kugqityiwe, amasango angaphantsi kwe-pugmill avulwa, kwaye umxube ukhutshwe kwisithuthi sokuthutha okanye kwisixhobo sokuhambisa esithwala umxube kwi-silo apho iilori ziya kulayishwa kwi-batch fashion. Kwizityalo ezininzi zebhetshi, ixesha elifunekayo ukuvula amasango e-pugmill kunye nokukhupha umxube malunga nemizuzwana emi-5 ukuya kwe-7. Ixesha elipheleleyo lokuxuba (ixesha elinomileyo-umxube + ixesha lokuxutywa okumanzi + ixesha lokukhutshwa komxube) kwibhetshi linokuba lifutshane malunga nemizuzwana ye-40, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha lokuxuba lilonke li malunga nemizuzwana ye-45.

Umzi-mveliso uxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulawula ukukhutshwa, eziquka zombini iinkqubo zokuqokelela eziziiprayimari nezizisekondari. Umqokeleli owomileyo okanye ibhokisi yokunkqonkqoza idla ngokusetyenziswa njengomqokeleli ophambili. Ingaba inkqubo yescrubber emanzi okanye, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, inkqubo yokucoca ilaphu elomileyo (i-baghouse) ingasetyenziselwa njengenkqubo yokuqokelela yesibini ukususa i-particle ephuma kwiigesi eziphuma kwi-dryer kunye nokuthumela umoya ococekileyo emoyeni ngokusebenzisa isitaki. .
Ukuba i-RAP ifakwe kumxube, ifakwe kwi-bin ehlukeneyo yokutya okubandayo apho ihanjiswa khona kwisityalo. I-RAP inokongezwa kwi-aggregate entsha kwenye yeendawo ezintathu: ezantsi kwe-elevator eshushu; imigqomo eshushu; okanye, ngokwesiqhelo, ihopha yobunzima. Ukutshintshwa kobushushu phakathi kwe-aggregate entsha eshushu kakhulu kunye nezinto ezibuyiselweyo ziqala ngokukhawuleza ukuba izinto ezimbini zidibene kwaye ziqhubeke ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxuba kwi-pugmill.


Idrum Mix yeAsphalt Plant
Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwe-batch, isityalo se-asphalt sokuxuba idrum sinelahleko encinci ye-thermal, amandla aphantsi okusebenza, akukho kuphuphuma, uthuli oluncinci olubhabha kunye nokulawula ubushushu obuzinzile. Inkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ilungelelanisa isantya sokuhamba kwe-asphalt ngokwezinga lokuhamba kwee-aggregates kunye ne-pre-set asphalt-aggregates ratio, ukuqinisekisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokulinganisa. Isityalo sokuxuba idrum ye-asphalt luhlobo lwezityalo ezihlelwe njengezityalo eziqhubekayo zokuxuba, ukuvelisa i-asphalt yomxube oshushu kwinkqubo eqhubekayo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo iinkqubo zokutya okubandayo kwibhetshi ye-HMA kunye nezityalo zokuxuba idrum ziyafana. Ngamnye unemigqomo yesondlo esibandayo, izihambisi zesondlo, ukuhambisa ukuqokelela, kunye nesixhobo sokuhambisa. Kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo ze-drum-mix kunye nezinye izityalo ze-batch, isikrini se-scalping sifakwe kwinkqubo ngexesha elithile. Ukuba i-RAP iyatyiswa kwisityalo ukuvelisa umxube ohlaziyiweyo, umgqomo owongezelelweyo wesondlo esibandayo okanye imigqomo, ibhanti le-feeder kunye/okanye ukuqokelela, isikrini se-scalping, kunye ne-conveyor yokutshaja kuyimfuneko ukuphatha imathiriyeli eyongezelelweyo. izityalo zokuxuba imigqomo zibandakanya amacandelo amahlanu aphambili: inkqubo yokutya okubandayo, inkqubo yokubonelela nge-asphalt, i-drum mixer, i-surge okanye i-silos yokugcina, kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ukukhutshwa.

Imigqomo yokutya okubandayo isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa izinto kwisityalo. Ibhanti le feeder eliguquguqukayo lisetyenziswa phantsi komgqomo ngamnye. Isixa se-aggregate esitsalwa kumgqomo ngamnye sinokulawulwa ngokubini ubungakanani bokuvuleka kwesango kunye nesantya sebhanti ye-feeder ukubonelela ukuhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwezinto ezinobungakanani obuhlukeneyo. Iaggregate kwibhanti ngalinye le-feeder ifakwa kwi-conveyor yokuqokelela ehamba ngaphantsi kwayo yonke imigqomo yesondlo esibandayo. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zidla ngokugqithiswa kwisikrini se-scalping kwaye emva koko zidluliselwe kwi-conveyor yokutshaja ukuthutha ukuya kumxube we-drum.

Umthumeli otshajayo uxhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezibini ezisetyenziselwa ukumisela ubungakanani be-aggregate ehanjiswa kwisityalo: ibhulorho yokulinganisa phantsi kwebhanti yokuhambisa ilinganisa ubunzima be-aggregate edlula phezu kwayo, kwaye inzwa imisela isantya sebhanti. Ezi xabiso zimbini zisetyenziselwa ukubala ubunzima obumanzi be-aggregate, kwiitoni (iitoni) ngeyure, kungena kwi-drum mixer. Ikhompyutha yesityalo, kunye nomlinganiselo wokufuma kwi-aggregate enikeziweyo njengexabiso legalelo, iguqula ubunzima obumanzi kubunzima obomileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe inani elichanekileyo le-asphalt elifunekayo kumxube.

Umxube oqhelekileyo wegubhu yinkqubo yokuhamba ngokuhambelanayo-i-exhaust gases kunye ne-aggregate ihamba kwicala elinye. Isitshisi sikwisiphelo esiphezulu (i-aggregate inlet end) yesigubhu. I-aggregate ingena kwidrum mhlawumbi ukusuka kwi-chute ethambekele ngaphezu kwesitshisi okanye kwi-Slinger conveyor phantsi kwesitshisi. I-aggregate ishenxiswa ezantsi kwigubu ngendibaniselwano yomxhuzulane kunye nokucwangciswa kweenqwelomoya ezibekwe ngaphakathi kwegubu. Njengoko ihamba, i-aggregate ishushu kwaye umswakama ususiwe. Isigqubuthelo esixineneyo somdibaniso sakhiwe kufutshane nombindi wobude begubu ukunceda kwinkqubo yokudluliselwa kobushushu.

Ukuba i-RAP yongezwa kumdibaniso omtsha, idiphozithwa kumgqomo wayo wesondlo esibandayo kunye nenkqubo yokuthutha//yokutshaja kwindawo yokungena ekufutshane nombindi wobude begubu (inkqubo yokwahlula-hlula-yokutya). Kule nkqubo, izinto ezibuyiselweyo zikhuselwe kwiigesi zokushisa eziphezulu zokushisa ngeveli ye-aggregate entsha enyukayo kwindawo yokungena ye-RAP. Xa imixube enomxholo ophezulu we-RAP isetyenziswa, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-RAP iya kutshisa kakhulu kwinkqubo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba kuphume umsi kwigubu okanye umonakalo kwiRAP.

I-aggregate entsha kunye nezinto ezibuyiselweyo, ukuba zisetyenzisiwe, zihamba kunye ukuya kwindawo engasemva yegubu. I-asphalt itsalwa kwitanki yokugcina ngepompo kwaye yondliwe ngemitha, apho umthamo ofanelekileyo we-asphalt unqunywe. Izinto ezidibanisayo zihanjiswa ngombhobho ngasemva kwigubu lokuxuba, apho i-asphalt ifakwe kwi-aggregate. Ukugquma kweaggregate kwenzeka njengoko izinto zidityanisiwe kunye kwaye zihanjiswe ekupheleni kokukhutshwa komgqomo. I-mineral filler okanye izohlwayo ze-baghouse, okanye zombini, nazo zongezwa ngasemva komgqomo, nokuba ngaphambi nje okanye ngokubambisana nokongezwa kwe-asphalt.

Umxube we-asphalt ufakwe kwisixhobo sokuhambisa (i-drag slat conveyor, i-belt conveyor, okanye i-elevator yebhakethi) ukuthutha ukuya kwi-silo yokugcina. Isisele siguqula ukuqukuqela okuqhubelekayo komxube ube yibhetshi flow yokukhutshelwa kwisithuthi esirhuqwayo.

Ngokubanzi, uhlobo olufanayo lwezixhobo zokulawula ukukhutshwa lusetyenziswa kwisixhobo sokuxuba amagubu njengakwiplanti yebhetshi. Umqokeleli owomileyo osisiseko kunye nokuba yinkqubo yokukhuhla okumanzi okanye umqokeleli wesibini we-baghouse ungasetyenziswa. Ukuba inkqubo ye-scrubber emanzi isetyenzisiweyo, iintlawulo eziqokelelweyo azikwazi ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona kumxube kwaye zichithe; ukuba i-baghouse isetyenzisiweyo, iintlawulo eziqokelelweyo zingabuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye kwi-drum yokuxuba, okanye ziyakwazi ukuchithwa.


Isityalo se-Asphalt esiqhubekayo sokuxuba
Kwizityalo eziqhubekayo akukho kuphazamiseka kumjikelo wemveliso njengoko isingqisho semveliso singaqhawuki sibe ziibhetshi. Ukuxutywa kwempahla kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwidrum yokomisa eyandisiweyo, njengoko iyoma kwaye ixuba izinto ngexesha elinye. Ekubeni kungekho nqaba yokuxuba okanye ii-elevators, inkqubo ke ngoko ilula kakhulu, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa. Ukungabikho kwesikrini nangona kunjalo kwenza kube yimfuneko ukuba kubekho ulawulo oluchanekileyo ekuqaleni komjikelo wemveliso, phambi kokuba ii-aggregates zifakwe kwisomisi nangaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe kwisomisi njenge-asphalt.

IIMETERING EZIWONKE
Iyafana nezityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt,
umjikelo wemveliso yezityalo eziqhubekayo i-aslo iqala ngokutya okubandayo, apho i-aggregates ngokubanzi ibalwa ngomthamo; ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-extractor yesanti inokufakelwa ibhande lokulinganisa ukulinganisa.
Ukulawulwa kobunzima bubonke bee-aggregates ezinyulu, nangona kunjalo, kwenziwa kwizigaba ezibini ezahlukeneyo zomjikelo wemveliso kwizityalo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Kuhlobo oluqhubekayo kukho ibhande lokutya, ngaphambi kokuba i-aggregates emanzi ifakwe kwi-drum yomshini wokomisa, apho umthamo womswakama ubekwe ngesandla ukwenzela ukuvumela ubunzima bamanzi ukuba bususwe. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba isiqulatho sokufuma kwiiaggregates, ingakumbi isanti, sibe nexabiso elingaguqukiyo elisoloko libekwe esweni ngovavanyo lwarhoqo lwaselabhoratri.

IBITUMAN METERING
Kwizityalo ezizingileyo umlinganiselo webhitumene udla ngokuba yivolumetric ngokusebenzisa ilitha-khawuntara elandela impompo yesondlo. Ngaphandle koko, kunokwenzeka ukufaka i-counter counter mass, ukhetho oluyimfuneko ukuba i-bitumen eguqulwayo isetyenzisiweyo, efuna ukucoca rhoqo.

Ukulinganisa kokulinganisa
Kwizityalo eziqhubekayo inkqubo yokulinganisa iqhele ukuba yivolumetric, isebenzisa izikrufu zesondlo eziguquguqukayo ezithathe indawo yenkqubo yangaphambili yokulinganisa ipneumatic.

Iphaneli yokulawula luhlobo lwe-PLC kuzo zonke izityalo zethu zokuthumela ngaphandle. Olu lulongezelelo lwexabiso elikhulu kuba sinokuyenza ngokwezifiso i-PLC ngokwemfuno yethu. Umxube wedrum oxhotyiswe ngepaneli ye-PLC ngumatshini owahlukileyo kunesityalo esinepaneli ye-microprocessor. Iphaneli ye-PLC iphinda igcinwe simahla xa ithelekiswa nephaneli ye-microprocessor. Sihlala sikholelwa ekunikezeni okona kulungileyo kubathengi ukuze bahlale bephambi kokhuphiswano lwabo. Ayingabo bonke abavelisi kunye nabathengisi bezityalo zedrum ze-asphalt ezibonelela ngesityalo kunye nepaneli yePLC.

Uvavanyo lwangaphambili lwazo zonke izityalo lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba nantoni na eshiya umzi-mveliso wethu ilungele ukwenza ngobunzima obuncinci kwisiza.

I-Sinoroader ineminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 yamava okuvelisa kunye nemveliso exhaswa yinkonzo yobuchwephesha kunye nezixhobo ezingabizi kakhulu ukuze uxabise kwaye usebenzise izixhobo zakho kwiminyaka ezayo.