Uhlalutyo lweengxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweengxowa zothuli abaqokeleli kwizityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt
Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa umxube we-asphalt, kukho rhoqo izinto ezithile ezichaphazela umgangatho wokuvelisa. Ngokomzekelo, umqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa yesikhululo sekhonkrithi yorhwebo lwe-asphalt uya kubangela ukuba ukukhutshwa kungaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa ngenxa yesixa esikhulu segesi ephezulu kunye nothuli. Ngoko ke, umqokeleli wothuli kufuneka aphathwe ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ahlangabezane neemfuno zokukhutshwa. Abaqokeleli bengxowa yothuli banenzuzo enkulu, njengokuguquguquka okuqinileyo, isakhiwo esilula kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lokukhutshwa. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho iziphene ezininzi kwiingxowa zothuli, kwaye amanyathelo asebenzayo kufuneka athathwe ukuwagcina ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo ngokufanelekileyo.
[1]. Uhlalutyo lweempawu, umgaqo osebenzayo kunye nezinto ezichaphazelayo zabaqokeleli bothuli lwengxowa
Abaqokeleli bengxowa yothuli zizixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo ukukhutshwa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imixube ye-asphalt. Ngokuqhelekileyo zininzi kwaye ziquka isiseko, igobolondo, i-inlet kunye ne-outlet air room, isikhwama kunye nokudibanisa kwe-pulse.
1. Iimpawu zomqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa. Abaqokeleli bothuli bavame ukusetyenziswa kwishishini lemveliso yothutho lwasekhaya, kungekhona nje ngenxa yemveliso ezimeleyo kunye nobomi benkonzo eyandisiweyo yabaqokeleli bothuli, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu, banezinye iingenelo. Iingenelo ezithile zezi: Enye yeenzuzo zabaqokeleli bothuli lwengxowa kukuba banobuchule obuphezulu bokususa uthuli, ngakumbi kunyango lwe-submicron dust. Ngenxa yokuba iimfuno zezinto zokwenza unyango aziphezulu kakhulu, umxholo wegesi ye-flue kunye nomxholo wothuli awunayo impembelelo enkulu kumqokeleli wothuli, ngoko ke abaqokeleli bothuli besikhwama banokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ukongeza, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwabaqokeleli bengxowa yothuli kulula, kwaye ukusebenza kwakhona kulula kwaye kulula.
2. Umgaqo osebenzayo wokuqokelela uthuli lwengxowa. Umgaqo osebenzayo wokuqokelela uthuli lwengxowa ulula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uthuli kwi-flue gas lunokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo ngesikhwama salo. Le ndlela yonyango inokulawulwa komatshini, ngoko ngelixa uthintela uthuli, umoya ococekileyo uya kuphuma, kwaye uthuli oluthintelweyo luya kuqokelelwa kwi-funnel kwaye lukhutshwe ngombhobho wenkqubo. Abaqokeleli bengxowa yothuli balula ukusebenza kwaye kulula ukuyichitha kunye nokugcina, ngoko basetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lokukhutshwa kwegesi yenkunkuma.
3. Izinto ezichaphazela abaqokeleli bothuli bohlobo lwengxowa. Abaqokeleli bothuli bohlobo lwengxowa banobomi obunqamlekileyo benkonzo, kwaye ukuze kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yomqokeleli wothuli, iimpazamo kufuneka zipheliswe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kukho izinto ezimbini ezihlala zichaphazela ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweengxowa zohlobo lwabaqokeleli bothuli, ezizezi ukuphindaphinda ukucocwa kothuli kunye nolawulo lwengxowa. Ukuphindaphinda kokususwa kothuli kuya kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yomqokeleli wothuli wohlobo lwengxowa. Ukuphindaphinda okugqithisileyo kuya kubangela umonakalo kwingxowa yomqokeleli wothuli. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umaleko webhedi yokucoca isetyenziswe kwisikhwama sokucoca umqokeleli wothuli ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yesikhwama sokucoca. Ukunyamekelwa kwemihla ngemihla okunganeleyo kwesikhwama kuya kuchaphazela kwakhona ubomi benkonzo yesikhwama somqokeleli wothuli. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo athile okuthintela, njengokuthintela ingxowa ekubeni imanzi, ukuthintela ingxowa ekukhanyeni kwelanga, nokuthintela ukuba ibhegi ingawohloki. Ukongezelela, ngexesha lokusebenza kwesikhwama, ukushisa kweqondo lokushisa kufuneka kufikelele kumgangatho oqhelekileyo. Kuphela ngale ndlela kuya kuqinisekiswa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo komqokeleli wothuli wohlobo lwengxowa kwaye ubomi bayo benkonzo bandiswe.
[2]. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ekusebenziseni abaqokeleli bothuli lwengxowa
1. Umahluko woxinzelelo kwisikhwama uphezulu kakhulu kodwa amandla ayo okususa uthuli aphantsi kakhulu.
(1) Izingcolisi zehydrocarbon ezishiyekileyo engxoweni. Umthombo wongcoliseko lwengxowa awufuni ukumiselwa ngexesha, kwaye into echaphazelayo inokuba yingxaki yamafutha. Ukuba i-fuel engxoweni yi-oyile, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka, ngakumbi kwi-oyile enzima okanye i-oyile yenkunkuma. I-viscosity yeoli idla ngokunyuka ngenxa yokushisa okuphantsi, okukhokelela ekugqibeleni ekungakwazini kwepetroli ukutshisa ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela kungcolise isikhwama, kubangele uchungechunge lweengxaki ezifana nokuvala kunye nokuwohloka, okuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yesikhwama. , kwaye ungenzi kakuhle ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle komqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa.
(2) Amandla okucoca isikhwama akwanele. Kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo wokukhupha uthuli, iingxowa zokuqokelela uthuli kufuneka zicocwe rhoqo ukuze kuthintelwe umahluko woxinzelelo ekunyukeni ngenxa yokungacoceki ngokwaneleyo. Ngokomzekelo, kwisimo sokuqala, ixesha eliqhelekileyo le-pulse yi-0.25s, ixesha eliqhelekileyo le-pulse yi-15s, kwaye uxinzelelo lomoya oluqhelekileyo kufuneka ulawulwe phakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-0.6Mpa, ngelixa inkqubo entsha ibeka i-3 ye-pulse intervals ye-10s, i-15s. okanye 20s. Nangona kunjalo, ukucocwa okungonelanga kweengxowa kuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukunyanzeliswa kwe-pulse kunye nomjikelezo, okubangelwa ukugqoka isikhwama, ukunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yomqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa, okuchaphazela ukuveliswa okuqhelekileyo komxube we-asphalt, kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nezinga lokwakhiwa komgwaqo omkhulu.
2. Uthuli luya kukhutshwa ngexesha lokucoca i-pulse kwi-bag.
(1) Ukucocwa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-bag pulse. Ngenxa yokucocwa ngokugqithiseleyo kothuli kwi-pulse yesikhwama, akukho lula ukwenza iibhloko zothuli kumphezulu wengxowa, ochaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-bag pulse, okubangela ukuba umehluko woxinzelelo lwesikhwama uguquguquke kwaye unciphise ubomi benkonzo. umqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa. Ukucocwa kwe-bag pulse kufuneka kuncitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhlukana koxinzelelo kuzinzile phakathi kwe-747 kunye ne-1245Pa.
(2) Ibhegi ayitshintshwanga ngexesha kwaye igugile kakhulu. Ubomi benkonzo yesikhwama bulinganiselwe. Kunokubakho iingxaki ngokusetyenziswa kwengxowa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezichaphazela ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo komqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa, njengokushisa okugqithisileyo, ukubola kweekhemikhali, ukuguga kwengxowa kuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho. yonyango lokukhupha izinto ezikhutshwayo. Ngoko ke, isikhwama kufuneka sihlolwe rhoqo kwaye isikhwama esidala kufuneka sitshintshwe ngexesha lokuqinisekisa ukuveliswa okuqhelekileyo komqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokusebenza.
3. Ukonakala kweengxowa.
(1) Ukonakala kweekhemikhali kaninzi kwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza kwezihluzo zeengxowa, ezifana nesulfure kumafutha. Ukugxininiswa kwesulfure ngokugqithiseleyo kuya kutshabalalisa ngokulula iingxowa zomqokeleli wothuli, okubangela ukuguga ngokukhawuleza kweengxowa, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ubomi benkonzo yezihlungi zengxowa. Ke ngoko, ubushushu bezihluzi zengxowa kufuneka zilawulwe ukuze kuphephe ukuxinana kwamanzi kuzo, kuba i-sulfure dioxide eveliswa ngexesha lokutsha kwamafutha kunye namanzi adibeneyo aya kwenza i-asidi ye-sulfuric, okukhokelela ekunyukeni koxinzelelo lwesulfuric. iasidi kumafutha. Kwangaxeshanye, i-fuel equkethe i-low concentrations yesulfure ingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo.
(2) Ubushushu bezihluzi zengxowa buphantsi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba izihluzi zengxowa ziya kuxinanisa ngokulula amanzi xa ubushushu buphantsi kakhulu, kwaye amanzi abunjiweyo aya kubangela ukuba iindawo ezikwingxowa yokucoca zivuthe, zibangele ukuguga ngokukhawuleza komqokeleli wothuli. Kwangaxeshanye, iikhemikhali ze-corrosion components eziseleyo kwii-bag filters ziya kuba namandla ngenxa yamanzi adityanisiweyo, wonakalise kakhulu amacandelo okucoca ingxowa kunye nokunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yezihluzi zengxowa.
[3]. Gcina iingxaki ezihlala zivela ngexesha lokusebenza kwesihluzo sengxowa
1. Ukujongana ngokufanelekileyo nezingcolisi ze-hydrocarbon ezihlala zivela kwisikhwama. Ngenxa yokuba ukushisa kwepetroli kuphantsi kakhulu, i-fuel ayitshisi ngokupheleleyo, kwaye inani elikhulu lezinto ezingcolileyo ze-hydrocarbon zihlala, ezichaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesihluzo sengxowa. Ngoko ke, i-fuel kufuneka ifudunyezwe ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzela ukuba i-viscosity yayo ifike kwi-90SSU okanye iphantsi, kwaye emva koko inyathelo elilandelayo lokutsha lenziwa.
2. Ukujongana nengxaki yokungonelanga kokucoca ingxowa. Ngenxa yokungacoceki ngokwaneleyo kwesikhwama, uxinzelelo lwe-pulse kunye nomjikelezo wesikhwama uyaphambuka. Ngoko ke, ikhefu le-pulse lingancitshiswa kuqala. Ukuba uxinzelelo lomoya kufuneka lunyuswe, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba uxinzelelo lomoya aludluli i-10Mpa, ngaloo ndlela lunciphisa ukunxiba kwesikhwama kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo.
3. Ukujongana nengxaki yokucoca ngokugqithisileyo kwe-bag pulse. Ngenxa yokuba ukucocwa okugqithisileyo kwe-pulse kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesihluzo sengxowa, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ngexesha lokucocwa kwe-pulse, ukunciphisa ukucocwa kokucoca, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umehluko woxinzelelo lwe-pulse ulawulwa ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-747 ~ 1245Pa, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kothuli lwe-pulse yengxowa.
4. Ukujongana nengxaki yokuguga kwengxowa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba iingxowa zichaphazeleka ngokulula zizingcolisi zeekhemikhali ezishiyekileyo, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu ngexesha lokusebenza buya kukhawulezisa ukunxitywa kweengxowa zokuqokelela uthuli, iingxowa kufuneka zihlolwe ngokungqongqo kwaye zilungiswe rhoqo, kwaye zitshintshwe ngexesha xa kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo. iingxowa zokuqokelela uthuli.
5. Ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukuxinwa kwezinto zekhemikhali zamafutha kwiingxowa. Ukugxininiswa okugqithisileyo kwamacandelo ekhemikhali kuya kubangela ngokuthe ngqo inani elikhulu le-corrosion kwiingxowa kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuguga kwamacandelo esikhwama. Ngoko ke, ukuphepha ukunyuka koxinzelelo lweekhemikhali, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukuxinwa kwamanzi kunye nokusebenza ngokunyusa ubushushu bomqokeleli wothuli lwengxowa.
6. Ukujongana nengxaki yokudideka kwi-gauge yoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kwi-bag dust collector. Ngenxa yokuba ngokuqhelekileyo kukho umswakama kumbhobho woxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kwisikhwama somqokeleli wothuli, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukuvuza, umbhobho woxinzelelo ohlukeneyo wesixhobo sokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka asekhaya kufuneka ukhuselwe kwaye kufuneka kusetyenziswe umbhobho woxinzelelo oluqinileyo noluthembekileyo.