Ukungena okuthembekileyo kunye nokukhawuleza ngexesha lokufaka isicelo, i-emulsions ye-bitumen i-bitumen ehlanjululweyo nje. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini okwakha. Unyango lomphezulu lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umaleko wangaphandle wendlela okanye i-pavement igcinwa ikhuselekile kumanzi okanye ekungeneni kokufuma. Ixhathisa ukutyibilika kwaye ikhusela oohola bendlela. Ukusebenza nangona kunjalo kuphenjelelwa zizinto ezidibeneyo, ukuhambelana kwe-emulsion, kunye nobushushu.
Yenziwa njani iEmulsion yebhitumene?
I-emulsion yebhitumene iphuhliswa ngamanyathelo amabini alula. Amanzi aqala adityaniswe ne-emulsifying agent kunye nezinye ii-chemical agents. Emva koko, umatshini wokungqusha wecolloidal usetyenziswa ukudibanisa amanzi, i-emulsifier, nebhitumene. Ngokuxhomekeke ekupheleni kokusetyenziswa kwe-emulsion ye-bitumen, ubuninzi be-bitumen bongezwa kumxube. Xa i-emulsifier yenziwa njengemveliso ephambili, ingasetyenziswa phakathi kwe-60-70%.
Isixa esiqhelekileyo sebhitumene esongeziweyo kumxube siphakathi kwe-40% kunye ne-70%. I-colloidal Mill yahlula ibhitumene ibe ngamasuntswana amancinci. Ubungakanani bethontsi obuphakathi bumalunga neemicrons ezi-2. Kodwa amathontsi azama ukuzinza kwaye ahlangane kunye. I-emulsifier, ngoko ke yongezwa, ivelisa isambatho somphezulu wentlawulo malunga nethontsi ngalinye lebhitumene ethi, kwelinye icala, incede ukugcina amathontsi kude kwelinye. Umxube ofunyenwe kwi-colloidal mill icutshungulwa kwaye isetyenziswe ngokwemigaqo kwaye kamva igcinwe kwiitanki zokugcina.
Iintlobo zebhitumene:
I-emulsion yebhitumene ihlelwe ngokweendidi ezimbini:
Ngokusekwe kwixesha lokumisela
Ngokusekelwe kwintlawulo ephezulu
Ngokusekwe kwixesha lokuSeta
Ukuba i-emulsions ye-bitumen yongezwa kwii-aggregates, amanzi aphelile, kwaye i-solvent iyasuswa. Emva koko ibhitumene ihamba phezu kwesiseko esihlanganisiweyo, isebenza njenge-agent ebophelelayo kwaye iziqinise ngokucothayo. Le nkqubo yohlulwe ngokwala maqela mathathu alandelayo, ngokuxhomekeke kwisantya apho amanzi aphuma abe ngumphunga kunye namasuntswana ebhitumene asasazeke emanzini:
I-Emulsion yokuSeta ngokukhawuleza (RS)
I-Emulsion yokuSeta ePhakathi (MS)
I-Emulsion yokuSeta kade (SS)
Ibhitumene yenzelwe ukuphuka lula njengoko i-emulsion luhlobo olukhawulezayo lokumisa i-emulsion. Olu hlobo lwe-emulsion lubeka lula kwaye luyaphilisa. Emva kokuba zibekwe kwii-aggregates, i-emulsions ye-medium setting ayiqhekezi ngokungalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, xa iishadi ezirhabaxa zeminerali zidityaniswe nomxube we-aggregate emulsifier, inkqubo yokuqhawula iqala. Ii-emulsions zokumisela kancinci zenziwe ngoncedo lohlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-emulsifier olunciphisa inkqubo yokumisela. Ezi fomu ze-emulsion zomelele.
Ngokusekwe kwiNtlawulo yoMphezulu
I-emulsions yebhitumene yahlulwe ikakhulu kula maqela mathathu alandelayo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentlawulo yomphezulu:
I-Anionic Bitumen Emulsion
I-emulsion yebhitumene yeCationic
I-Emulsion yeBitumen engekho-Ionic
Amasuntswana ebhitumene ahlawuliswa i-electro-negatively xa kukho i-emulsion ye-anionic bitumen, kanti kwimeko ye-cationic emulsions, ii-bituminous particles zi-electro-positive. Namhlanje, i-emulsion ye-cationic ye-bitumen isetyenziswa rhoqo. Ngokusekelwe kwi-mineral composition ye-aggregate esetyenziselwa ukwakha, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-emulsion ye-bitumen. Ukubunjwa kwee-aggregates kuba yi-electro-negatively charges kwiimeko ze-silica-rich aggregates. I-emulsion ye-cationic kufuneka, ngoko, yongezwe. Oku kunceda ukusasaza ibhitumene kwaye uyidibanise ne-aggregates ngokufanelekileyo. Kwizisombululo ezinamanzi, ii-non-ionic surfactants azitsali ii-ion. I-solubility isekelwe kubukho beemolekyuli zepolar. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nonionic surfactants njenge-emulsifier, nangona kungekhona nje kwinkqubo yamanzi, kodwa kwisigaba sebhitumene, njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, inomdla omkhulu njengoko ihambelana nazo zonke i-ion surfactants.
Akukho emulsion naluphi na uhlobo yanele umsebenzi ngamnye; kuxhomekeke kwi-acidic okanye kwindalo esisiseko ye-aggregate. Ngokusekelwe kwiqondo lokushisa lomoya, isantya somoya kunye nobukhulu be-emulsion, ixesha lokumisela lingahluka. Umthamo wokugcina uncinci. Olu luhlu lungentla sisikhokelo sokukhetha umdlalo ofanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.