Inkqubo yokuvelisa ibandakanya: ubushushu bobushushu bebhitumene kunye nesisombululo sesepha, ukulungiswa kwexabiso lesepha yesisombululo se-pH, kunye nokulawula izinga lokuhamba kombhobho ngamnye ngexesha lemveliso.
(1) Ubushushu bobushushu bebhitumene kunye nesisombululo sesepha
Ibhitumene kufuneka ibe nobushushu obuphezulu ukuze iphumeze kakuhle. Ukuchithwa kwe-emulsifier emanzini, ukwanda komsebenzi wesisombululo sesepha e-emulsifier, kunye nokuncitshiswa koxinzelelo lwamanzi-ibhitumene ebusweni kufuna ukuba isisombululo sesepha sibe kubushushu obuthile. Kwangaxeshanye, ubushushu bebhitumene emulsified emva kwemveliso ayinakuba ngaphezulu kwe-100℃, kungenjalo iya kubangela ukubila kwamanzi. Ukuthathela ingqalelo ezi zinto, ubushushu bobushushu bebhitumene bukhethwa ukuba bube yi-120 ~ 140℃, ubushushu besisombululo sesepha ngu-55 ~ 75℃, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lebhitumene elifakwe emulsified alikho ngaphezulu kwe-85℃.
(2) Ukulungelelaniswa kwexabiso le-pH yesisombululo sesepha
I-emulsifier ngokwayo ine-asidi ethile kunye ne-alkalinity ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sekhemikhali. Ionic emulsifiers inyibilika emanzini ukwenza isisombululo sesepha. Ixabiso le-pH lichaphazela umsebenzi we-emulsifier. Ukulungelelanisa kwixabiso elifanelekileyo le-pH kwandisa umsebenzi wesisombululo sesepha. Ezinye ii-emulsifiers azikwazi ukunyibilika ngaphandle kokulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH yesisombululo sesepha. I-Acidity iphakamisa umsebenzi we-cationic emulsifiers, i-alkalinity iphakamisa umsebenzi we-anionic emulsifiers, kwaye umsebenzi we-nonionic emulsifiers awunanto yakwenza nexabiso le-pH. Xa usebenzisa i-emulsifiers, ixabiso le-pH kufuneka lihlengahlengiswe ngokwemiyalelo yemveliso ethile. Iiasidi ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kunye neealkali zezi: i-hydrochloric acid, i-nitric acid, i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-sodium hydroxide, i-soda ash, kunye neglasi yamanzi.
(3) Ukulawulwa kokuhamba kwemibhobho
Ukuhamba kwemibhobho yebhitumene kunye nesisombululo sesepha kugqiba umxholo webhitumene kwimveliso yebhitumene e-emulsified. Emva kokuba izixhobo ze-emulsification zilungisiwe, umthamo wemveliso ugxininiswe ngokusisiseko. Ukuhamba kombhobho ngamnye kufuneka kubalwe kwaye kulungiswe ngokohlobo lwebhitumene e-emulsified eveliswayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isixa sokuhamba kombhobho ngamnye kufuneka silingane nomthamo wokuvelisa ibhitumene emulsified.