1. Izikhokelo zokuqhawula, ukudibanisa kunye nokuthutha
I-disassembly kunye nomsebenzi wendibano yesikhululo sokuxuba sisebenzisa inkqubo yolwahlulo loxanduva lwabasebenzi, kwaye izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo ziqulunqwe kwaye ziphunyezwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke inkqubo yokuchithwa, ukunyuswa, ukuthutha kunye nokufakwa kukhuselekile kwaye akukho ngozi. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka siphumeze imigaqo yokuqala encinci phambi kokuba inkulu, ilula kuqala ngaphambi kobunzima, indawo yokuqala phambi kobude obuphezulu, i-peripheral yokuqala ibe ngumamkeli, kwaye ngubani oqhaqha kwaye ngubani ofakayo. Ukongezelela, iqondo lokuwa kwezixhobo kufuneka lilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuphakamisa kunye nokuthutha ngelixa ugcina ukuchaneka kofakelo kunye nokusebenza kokusebenza.

2. Isitshixo sokuqhaqha
(1) Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ekubeni isikhululo se-asphalt sintsokothile kwaye sikhulu, isicwangciso esisebenzayo sokuqhawula kunye nendibano kufuneka senziwe ngokusekwe kwindawo ekuyo kunye neemeko zokwenyani zesiza phambi kokuba siqhawulwe kunye nokudibanisa, kwaye ingcaciso ebanzi necacileyo yezakhono zokhuseleko kufuneka iqhutywe kubasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ukuchithwa kunye nokuhlanganisana.

Ngaphambi kokuchithwa, ukubonakala kwesixhobo se-asphalt kunye nezixhobo zayo kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zibhaliswe, kwaye ukuqhelaniswa kwezixhobo kufuneka kufakwe kwimephu yokubhekisela ngexesha lofakelo. Kufuneka kwakhona usebenzisane nomvelisi ukuze unqumle kwaye ususe amandla, amanzi kunye nemithombo yomoya yesixhobo, kwaye ukhuphe i-oyile yokuthambisa, into yokupholisa kunye nolwelo lokucoca.

Ngaphambi kokuchithwa, isikhululo se-asphalt kufuneka siphawulwe ngendlela ehambelanayo yokuchongwa kwedijithali, kwaye ezinye iimpawu kufuneka zongezwe kwisixhobo sombane. Iisimboli ezahlukeneyo zokuqhawula kufuneka zicace kwaye ziqine, kwaye iisimboli zokubeka kunye neendawo zokulinganisa isikali sokumisa kufuneka ziphawulwe kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo.

(2) Inkqubo yokuqhaqha
Zonke iingcingo kunye neentambo kufuneka zingasikwa. Ngaphambi kokuqhaqha iintambo, ukuthelekiswa okuthathu (inombolo yocingo yangaphakathi, inombolo yebhodi ye-terminal, kunye nenombolo yocingo lwangaphandle) kufuneka yenziwe. Kuphela emva kokuba isiqinisekiso sichanekile ukuba iingcingo kunye neentambo zingachithwa. Ngaphandle koko, iimpawu zeenombolo zocingo kufuneka zilungelelaniswe. Imisonto esusiweyo ifanele iphawulwe ngokuqinileyo, yaye leyo ingenawo amanqaku ifanele ikhutshelwe ngaphambi kokuba iqhawulwe.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko oluhambelanayo lwezixhobo, oomatshini abafanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngexesha lokuchithwa, kwaye ukuchithwa okutshabalalisayo akuvumelekanga. Iibholiti ezisusiweyo, amandongomane kunye nezikhonkwane zokubeka indawo kufuneka zithanjiswe ngeoyile kwaye zikrwelwe ngoko nangoko okanye ziphinde zifakwe kwindawo yazo yokuqala ukunqanda ukubhideka nelahleko.

Amacandelo adibeneyo kufuneka ahlanjululwe kwaye aphephe ukugqwala ngexesha, kwaye agcinwe kwidilesi echongiweyo. Emva kokuba izixhobo zichithwa kwaye zihlanganiswe, indawo kunye nenkunkuma kufuneka ihlambuluke ngexesha.

3. Isitshixo sokuphakamisa
(1) Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ukuseka isikhululo se-asphalt izixhobo zenguqu kunye neqela lezothutho ukuququzelela inguqu kunye necandelo lezothutho labasebenzi, ukucebisa iimfuno zezakhono zokhuseleko kwimisebenzi yokunyusa kunye nokuthutha, kunye nokwenza isicwangciso sokuphakamisa. Phonononga indlela yokuthutha yokudlulisa kwaye uqonde umgama wendlela yokuthutha yokudlulisa kunye nezithintelo eziphezulu kunye ne-ultra-wide kumacandelo endlela.

Abaqhubi beCrane kunye nabaphakamisi kufuneka babambe izatifikethi zokusebenza ezizodwa kwaye babe neminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu yamava okusebenza. I-tonnage ye-crane kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zeplani yokuphakamisa, ibe neepleyiti zelayisensi ezipheleleyo kunye nezatifikethi, kwaye iphumelele ukuhlolwa lisebe lendawo yolawulo lobugcisa. I-Slings kunye ne-spreaders zihlangabezana neemfuno kwaye zigqithise ukuhlolwa komgangatho. Isixhobo sothutho kufuneka sibe kwimeko entle, kwaye iipleyiti zelayisensi kunye nezatifikethi kufuneka zizaliswe kwaye zifaneleke.

(2) Ukuphakamisa nokuphakamisa
Iinkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko kufuneka zilandelwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha lokunyusa. Imisebenzi yokunyusa kwindawo kufuneka ilawulwe ngumsebenzi ozinikeleyo wecrane, kwaye abantu abaninzi akufuneki balathiswe. Kwangaxeshanye, siya kuxhobisa abahloli bokhuseleko bexesha elizeleyo ukuze baphelise izinto ezingakhuselekanga ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Imisebenzi yokuphakamisa okwethutyana kufuneka iphetshwe. Ukuze ugweme ukonakalisa izixhobo ngexesha lokunyuswa, iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokuphakamisa kufuneka zikhethwe kwaye ziphakanyiswe ngokukhawuleza nangokucokisekileyo. Amanyathelo okukhusela kufuneka athathwe apho intambo yocingo idibana nesixhobo. I-Riggers kufuneka igqoke izigqoko zokukhusela kunye neebhanti zokhuseleko xa zisebenza kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo kufuneka kuhambelane nemimiselo yokhuseleko.

Izixhobo ezilayishwe kwinqwelwana kufuneka zibotshelelwe ngeendawo zokulala, oonxantathu, iintambo zocingo kunye namatyathanga ezandla ukuthintela ukuwa ngexesha lothutho.

(3) Uthutho lokuhamba
Ngexesha lokuthutha, iqela lokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko elibandakanya i-1 yombane, i-2 pickers line kunye ne-1 igosa lokhuseleko kufuneka libe noxanduva lokhuseleko lokuthutha ngexesha lokuthutha. Iqela eliqinisekisa ukhuseleko kufuneka lixhotyiswe ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo zokucoca indlela phambi kwe-convoy yezothutho. Faka iinombolo kwizithuthi phambi kokuba zihambe kwaye uqhubeke ngokulandelelana kwazo ngexesha lohambo. Xa kuthuthwa izixhobo ezingenakudilika kwaye umthamo wazo ungaphezulu kwexabiso elichaziweyo, iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo engaphezulu, kunye neeflegi ezibomvu ezixhonywe emini kunye nezibane ezibomvu ezixhonywe ebusuku.

Ebudeni balo lonke icandelo lendlela, umqhubi welori erhuqwayo ufanele alandele imiyalelo yeqela eliqinisekisa ukhuseleko, athobele imithetho yendlela, aqhube ngobunono, aze aqinisekise ukhuseleko lokuqhuba. Iqela eliqinisekisa ukhuseleko kufuneka lijonge ukuba ngaba isixhobo sibotshwe ngokuqinileyo na nokuba isithuthi sikwimeko entle na. Ukuba kufunyenwe nayiphi na ingozi engakhuselekanga, kufuneka isuswe ngokukhawuleza okanye uqhagamshelane negosa elilawulayo. Akuvumelekanga ukuqhuba ngokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye iingozi zokhuseleko.

Musa ukulandela isithuthi ngokusondeleyo kakhulu ngelixa i-convoy ihamba. Kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo, umgama okhuselekileyo omalunga ne-100m kufuneka ugcinwe phakathi kwezithuthi; koohola bendlela, umgama okhuselekileyo omalunga nama-200m kufuneka ugcinwe phakathi kwezithuthi. Xa i-convoy idlula isithuthi esicothayo, umqhubi wesithuthi esidlulayo kufuneka abe noxanduva lokunika ingxelo ngemeko yendlela engaphambili kwisithuthi esingasemva kunye nokukhokela isithuthi ngasemva ukuba sidlule. Musa ukogqitha ngenkani ngaphandle kokucoca iimeko zendlela ngaphambili.

Iinqanawa zinokukhetha indawo efanelekileyo yokuphumla okwethutyana ngokweemeko zokuqhuba. Xa kumiswe okwethutyana kwingxinano yezithuthi, kucelwa indlela, njl. njl., umqhubi nabakhweli besithuthi ngasinye abavumelekanga ukuba basishiye isithuthi. Xa isithuthi simisiwe okwexeshana, kufuneka silayite izibane zaso ezidanyazayo kabini njengesilumkiso, yaye ezinye izithuthi zinoxanduva lokukhumbuza umqhubi ukuba akhethe isantya esifanelekileyo sokuqhuba.

4. Isitshixo sofakelo
(1) Iisetingi ezisisiseko
Lungiselela indawo ngokwesicwangciso somgangatho wezixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukungena kunye nokuphuma kuzo zonke izithuthi. Iibhotshi ze-anchor zemilenze yesakhiwo sezixhobo zokuxuba kufuneka zikwazi ukuhamba ngokufanelekileyo kwimingxuma yesiseko ukulungelelanisa indawo yemilenze. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuphakamisa ukubeka izinto eziphuma ngaphandle, kwaye ufake iintambo zokudibanisa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokuphuma. Galela udaka kumngxuma wesiseko. Emva kokuba i-samente ilukhuni, faka i-washers kunye namantongomane kwiibhotshi ze-anchor kwaye uqinise imilenze kwindawo.

(2) Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo
Ukufakela iqonga eliphantsi, sebenzisa i-crane ukuphakamisa iqonga elisezantsi lesakhiwo ukuze iwele kwi-outriggers. Faka izikhonkwane zokumisa kwi-outriggers kwimingxuma ehambelanayo kwi-plate ephantsi yeqonga kwaye ukhusele iibholithi.

Faka i-elevator yezinto ezishushu kwaye uphakamise i-elevator yezinto ezitshisayo kwindawo ethe nkqo, emva koko ubeke phantsi kwayo kwisiseko kwaye ufake i-rods yokuxhasa kunye neebholithi ukukhusela ukuguquka nokujikeleza. Emva koko lungelelanisa i-chute yayo yokukhupha kunye ne-port yoqhagamshelo kwisigqubuthelo sothuli sokutywinwa kwesikrini esingcangcazelayo.

Faka igubu lokomisa. Phakamisa idrum yokomisa endaweni kwaye ufake imilenze kunye neentonga zokuxhasa. Vula isiciko sokutywina sothuli kwisinyusi sezinto ezishushu, kwaye uqhagamshele i-chute yokukhupha igubu lokomisa kunye ne-chute yokutya ye-elevator yezinto ezishushu. Ngokulungelelanisa ukuphakama kwemilenze e-elastic ekupheleni kwesondlo sombhobho wokumisa, i-angle ethambekileyo yombhobho wokumisa ilungelelaniswe kwindawo. Phakamisa i-burner kwi-flange yokufakela kwaye uqinise iibholithi zokufakela, kwaye ulungelelanise kwindawo echanekileyo.

Faka i-conveyor yebhanti egobileyo kunye nekhusi elingcangcazelayo kwaye uphakamise ukuhambisa ibhanti eligobileyo endaweni ukuze lidityaniswe nomkhombe wokutya wegubu lokomisa. Xa ufaka isikrini sokungcangcazela, indawo yaso kufuneka ilungiswe ukuze kuthintelwe izinto ukuba zingaphambuki, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isikrini sokungcangcazela sithambekele kwi-angle efunekayo kwicala lobude.

Ukufakela icandelo ngalinye lenkqubo ye-asphalt, phakamisa ipompo ye-asphalt kunye ne-chassis ezimeleyo kwindawo, qhagamshela isixhobo kwi-asphalt insulation tank kunye nomzimba wesixhobo sokuxuba, kwaye ufake i-valve yokukhupha kwindawo engezantsi yombhobho wokungena we-asphalt. Umbhobho wokuthutha i-asphalt kufuneka ufakwe kwi-angle, kwaye i-angle yokuthambekela kwayo kufuneka ingabi ngaphantsi kwe-5 ° ukuze i-asphalt ihambe kakuhle. Xa ufaka imibhobho ye-asphalt, ukuphakama kwayo kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuhamba okugudileyo kwezithuthi eziphantsi kwazo.

Ivalve ye-asphalt yeendlela ezintathu ibekwe ngaphezulu kwe-asphalt enobunzima behopper. Ngaphambi kokufakela, susa iqhude kwi-valve, faka isitywina esithambileyo esifana nentonga kumzimba wevalve, uyibuyisele kwaye uqinise iqhude.

Ukufakwa kwee-wiring kunye nokufakwa kwezixhobo zombane kufuneka zenziwe ngabasebenzi bombane abaqeqeshiweyo.

5. Isitshixo sogcino
Ukuba izixhobo kufuneka zivaliwe ixesha elide ukuze zigcinwe, indawo kufuneka icwangciswe kwaye ilinganiswe ngaphambi kokugcinwa ukuze kugcinwe iindlela ezingenayo neziphumayo.

Ngaphambi kokugcina izixhobo, lo msebenzi ulandelayo kufuneka wenziwe njengoko kufuneka: ukususa i-rust, i-bundle kunye nokugubungela izixhobo, kunye nokuhlola, ukuhlola, ukugcina nokukhusela yonke imishini yokwakha, izixhobo zokuvavanya, izixhobo zokucoca kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela abasebenzi; khupha izixhobo zokuxuba Zonke izinto ezingaphakathi; ukucima unikezelo lwamandla ukuthintela izixhobo ukuba ziqalise ngengozi; sebenzisa i-tape yokukhusela ukubopha i-V-shaped tape, kwaye usebenzise igrisi ukugqoka ikhonkco lokuhambisa kunye neebholiti ezilungelelanisiweyo;

Khusela inkqubo yegesi ngokweemfuno zemiyalelo yenkqubo yegesi; vala indawo yokuphuma yetshimini yokukhupha igubu lokumisa ukuthintela ukuphuma kwamanzi emvula. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugcina izixhobo, umntu ozinikeleyo kufuneka atyunjwe ukuba agade isixhobo, enze ukucoca nokugcinwa rhoqo, kwaye agcine iirekhodi.