I-esphalt ekhuphukile iyi-emulsion eyakhiwe nge-asphalt ehlakazekile emanzini. Amanzi aku-It aphakathi kwesikhashana ku-asphalt. Ngemuva kokuthi asphalsod asphalt ifafazwe noma ixutshwe, iqeda i-emulsion namanzi ase-asphalt asphallf. Isilinganiso samanzi esiya e-asphalt ku-asphallffied asphalt asigcini ngokuthinta izindleko zokukhiqiza nezinto zokuhamba ze-esphallot emullued, kodwa futhi sinomthelela omkhulu ekuqineni kwesitoreji, ukubonakala kanye nezinye izinkomba ze-esphalt emullued. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuvivinya okuqukethwe asphalt ku-esphalt emudul.
Ukuze ubone okuqukethwe asphalt ku-esphalt ekhuphukile, i-asphalt ekhuphukayo idinga ukunsundula. Kodwa-ke, amazwe ehlukene nezinhlangano zinezindlela ezihlukile ze-esphalt ekhuphukile yokuphelelwa amandla. Ngamafuphi, kunezindlela ezine eziphambili: ukugcwala, ukuhwamuka kuhhavini, ukuhanjiswa okuqondile kokufudumeza kanye nokomiswa kwemvelo.

1. Indlela yokudlela
Izindlela zokuzilungiselela ezengeziwe ziyindlela ye-distillation ye-ASTM e-United States, indlela ephansi yokuzivocavoca ye-ASTM, kanye nezindlela zokuhlobisa ezinamazinga okushisa ahlukene wokuzithambisa nezikhathi zokuhlobisa ezisetshenziswa ezifundeni eziningi e-United States.
(1) Indlela ye-ASTM Distillation. I-United States ASTM D244-00 ibeka izindlela ezintathu zokukhipha izinsalela ze-esphallfied asphalt: izinsalela kanye ne-oyela distillate ngokufakwa, izinsalela ngokuhwamuka, kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi (135 ° C) Vacumfup. Indlela ye-ASTM Distillation ukuthela i-200g ye-esphalt edubuliwe e-emulsified asphalt ibe isitsha esikhethekile se-aluminium alloy bese uyipkisa ngo-260 ° C imizuzu engu-15 ukuhlukanisa amanzi kanye ne-asphalt e-esphalt emullumed. Izinsalela ezitholwe yile ndlela nazo zingasetshenziswa ukuhlola izakhiwo ze-asphalt esele.
(2) Indlela ye-ASTM ephansi ye-Vacuum Distillation indlela. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ama-asphalts aveziwe, ikakhulukazi asphalfs asphalfs asphalfs, ancishiswe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izakhiwo ze-asphalt ezitholwayo zizothinteka kakhulu futhi azikwazi ukukhombisa ngokweqiniso isimo sangempela se-esphallfied asphalt ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, kwezengezwa indlela yokufaka amazinga okushisa amazinga okushisa okushisa ku-2000 edition ye-ASTM D244. Le ndlela isebenzisa ithuluzi le-distillation futhi iguquke ku-135 ° C imizuzu engama-60.
. Izifundazwe eziningi e-United States zisebenzisa i-distillation ukuthola izinsalela ze-esphalld asphalt, kepha izindlela ezithile azifani: i-Illinois kanye nePennsylvania zisebenzisa indlela yokuhluza imizuzu engama-177, i-Oklahoma isebenzisa indlela yokuhluza ngo-204 ° C imizuzu engu-15, njalonjalo.
2. Indlela yokuhwamuka kuhhavini
Abamele ngokwengeziwe yindlela ye-ASTM SHAPIRIMANI NE-PEAD yeCalifornia, e-USA.
Indlela ye-ASTM SHAPORMINATIO ukuthatha ama-beaker amane anomthamo we-1000ml, uthele i-50g ± 0.1g ye-emulsion eshukumisayo engu-163 ° C ± u-one
Indlela eCalifornia, e-USA ukuthatha ama-40G ± 0.1G we-esphallf asphalt, gcina ngo-118 ℃ ngo-30min, bese uyishisa nge-138 Izinsalela ezitholakele zenziwa ezinhlangothini zokuhlola ezifanele ukukala inkomba.
3. Indlela eqondile yokufudumeza yokufudumeza
Kokubili iJapan nezwe lami basebenzisa le ndlela. Ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokuhanjiswa kwendawo yokuhanjiswa kwe-esphallied ezweni lami ukushisa nokuvusa ama-300g we-emulsion esithandweni sikagesi sama-20-30min, bese kuwugcina ngo-3 ℃ ± 3 ℃ ℃ nge-1min ngemuva kokugcwalisa isikhunta ngemuva kokugcwalisa isikhunta. Le ndlela yokuhlola yakhiwa ngokubhekisele kumazinga aseJapan.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uthole isilinganiso se-asphalt emanzini ku-esphalt ekhuphukile, ingatholakala hhayi ngokuthola okuqukethwe asphalt ku-esphalt, kodwa futhi ngokuthola okuqukethwe kwamanzi e-esphallf. I-ASTM D244-00 nayo inendlela yokuhlola yokuqukethwe kwamanzi ku-esphalt ekhuphukile.
Okuqukethwe okusanhlamvu kanye nezindawo ezitholwe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthola asphalt ezisele zihlukile.
Ucwaningo lokuhlola luthole ukuthi indlela yokomisa kuhhavini isikhathi esivame imiphumela ekuhanjisweni kwamanzi; Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-astm distillation iyazinza, kepha ngenxa yemishini yokuhlola eyinkimbinkimbi, njengamanje kunzima ukukhuthaza ezweni lami. Yize indlela yezwe lami lokushisa ngokuqondile ku-163 ° C ukuthola izinsalela izothintwe yizici zabantu, indlela ilula, imiphumela yokuhlola iyathembeka, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka.