Isiteshi sokuxuba itiyela siyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile nesibalulekile ekwakhiweni komgwaqo omkhulu nokwakhiwa komgwaqo kamasipala. Izinzuzo nezici zomklamo nokwakhiwa kwayo endaweni zibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yephrojekthi, ukusheshisa inqubekelaphambili yokwakhiwa, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko.
1. Ukuhlelwa kwendawo okunengqondo
Ekwakhiweni kwesayithi kwesiteshi sokuxuba i-asphalt, ukuhlelwa kwendawo okunengqondo kubalulekile. Okokuqala nje, kuyadingeka ukunquma umthamo wokukhiqiza nendawo ephansi ??yesiteshi sokuxuba ngokwesilinganiso sephrojekthi kanye nezidingo zokwakha. Ngokuhlelwa kwesayensi, izindawo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza ezifana nendawo yokugcina impahla eluhlaza, indawo yokuxuba, nendawo yokugcina impahla eqediwe ihlukaniswa ngokunengqondo, okwenza inqubo yokuthutha impahla ibe bushelelezi, kuncishiswe ibanga nesikhathi sokuhamba, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ukwengeza, kuyadingeka futhi ukucabangela i-topography kanye nendawo ezungezile yesayithi, futhi uzame ukukhetha isayithi elinendawo eyisicaba kanye nezinto zokuhamba ezilula ukuze kube lula ukufakwa nokuthuthwa kwemishini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukwakha iziteshi zokuxuba ezindaweni ezibucayi ngokwemvelo njengezindawo zokuhlala kanye nezindawo zokuvikela imithombo yamanzi ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela endaweni ezungezile.

2. Ukukhetha imishini ethuthukisiwe
Ukukhethwa kwemishini yesiteshi sokuxuba i-asphalt kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Lapho ukhetha okokusebenza, kufanele ukhethe okokusebenza okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukonga amandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi kanye nesabelomali. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuxuba okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula kungathuthukisa ukufana kokuxuba kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo; ukukhethwa kwezishisi ezisebenza kahle nabaqoqi bothuli kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenziseka kokugcinwa nokugcinwa kwemishini kufanele kucatshangelwe, futhi abahlinzeki bemishini abanesevisi enhle yangemva kokuthengisa kufanele bakhethwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile nempilo yesevisi yezinto zokusebenza.
3. Inqubo yokwakha elungiselelwe
Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwesitshalo sokuxuba i-asphalt, inqubo yokwakha eyenziwe kahle ingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo kanye nekhwalithi. Okokuqala, uhlelo lokwakha oluningiliziwe kanye nohlelo lokwakha kufanele lwenziwe ukuze kucaciswe izindawo zesikhathi kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi zesixhumanisi sokwakha ngasinye. Phakathi nenqubo yokwakha, uhlelo lokwakha kufanele lulandelwe ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga nokuphepha kokwakhiwa.
Okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana nokuxhumana phakathi nenqubo yokwakha nokuxazulula izinkinga ezivela ngesikhathi sokwakha ngesikhathi esifanele. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwemishini, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisana eduze nomphakeli wemishini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokufaka nokuqhubeka kwemishini; ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakhiwa komphakathi, kuyadingeka ukuxhumanisa ukulandelana kokwakhiwa kanye nokusebenza okuphambene nethimba lezokwakha umphakathi ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazanyiswa okufanayo.
4. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile
Ikhwalithi iyisihluthulelo sokwakhiwa kwezitshalo zokuxuba i-asphalt, futhi kufanele kusungulwe uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi. Kusukela ekuthengeni nasekuhlolweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuya ekufakweni nasekuthunyelweni kwemishini, bese kuya ekuqashweni kwekhwalithi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, imisebenzi kufanele yenziwe ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nezindinganiso ezifanele kanye nemininingwane. Ukuqinisa ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhwalithi yempahla eluhlaza ihlangabezana nezidingo; ukwenza ukwamukelwa okuqinile kokufakwa kanye nokuthunywa kwemishini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusebenza kanye nemingcele yemishini ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama; phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi evamile yemikhiqizo kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kutholakale ngokushesha futhi kuxazululwe izinkinga zekhwalithi.
5. Izinyathelo zokuphepha kanye nokuvikela imvelo
Ekwakhiweni kwendawo kanye nokwakhiwa kwezitshalo zokuxuba i-asphalt, umsebenzi wokuphepha nokuvikela imvelo kufanele ubaluleke kakhulu. Kudingeka ukusungula uhlelo oluphelele lokuphatha ukuphepha kanye nohlelo oluphuthumayo, ukuqinisa imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kokuphepha kwabasebenzi bezokwakha, nokuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa ngokuphepha namakhono okusebenza ezisebenzi zokwakha. Misa izimpawu ezisobala eziyisixwayiso zokuphepha endaweni yokwakha futhi uhlomise izinsiza ezidingekayo zokuvikela ukuphepha ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha komuntu siqu kwabasebenzi bokwakha.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvikela imvelo kufanele zithathwe ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokuthuthwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, izinyathelo zokuvala uphawu kufanele zithathwe ukuvimbela uthuli nokuvuza; phakathi nenqubo yokuxuba, abaqoqi bothuli abasezingeni eliphezulu kufanele bafakwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwezintuli; Amanzi angcolile kanye nemfucuza ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza kufanele kuphathwe ngendlela efanele futhi kukhishwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso.
Kafushane, ukuklama kwendawo kanye nokwakhiwa kwezitshalo zokuxuba i-asphalt kunezinzuzo ezifana nokuhlela indawo okunengqondo, ukukhethwa kwemishini ethuthukisiwe, inqubo yokwakha ethuthukisiwe, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile nokuphepha kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela imvelo. Ngokuklama kwesayensi nokwakhiwa okucophelelayo, izitshalo ezixube i-asphalt ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezonga amandla kanye nemvelo zingakhiwa ukuze zinikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kokwakhiwa komgwaqo omkhulu kanye nokwakhiwa komgwaqo kamasipala.