[1].Ingxube yetiyela eshisayo yakhiwe ngokuhlanganisa, impushana kanye netiyela. Ukuphathwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ikakhulukazi kuhilela indlela yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokukhiqizwa okuphephile kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuzo zonke izici zokugcinwa, ezokuthutha, ukulayisha nokuthulula, kanye nokuhlolwa.
1.1 Ukuphathwa nokuthathwa kwesampula kwezinto ze-asphalt
1.1.1 Ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ze-asphalt
(1) Izinto ze-asphalt kufanele zihambisane nesitifiketi sekhwalithi yemboni yokuqala kanye nefomu lokuhlolwa kwefekthri lapho kungena embonini yokuhlanganisa itiyela.
(2) Ilabhorethri izothatha amasampula eqoqo ngalinye letiyela elifika esizeni ukuze lihlole ukuthi liyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zokucaciswa.
(3) Ngemuva kwesampula yelabhorethri kanye nokudlula kokuhlolwa, umnyango wezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele ukhiphe ifomu lokwamukela, eliqopha umthombo wetiyela, ilebula, inani, usuku lokufika, inombolo ye-invoyisi, indawo yokugcina, izinga lokuhlola, kanye nendawo lapho itiyela lisetshenziswa khona, njll.
(4) Ngemva kokuba iqoqo ngalinye letiyela selihloliwe, isampula yezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele ingabi ngaphansi kwe-4kg ukuze isetshenziswe.
1.1.2 Ukusampula kwezinto ze-asphalt
(1) Ukusampula kwezinto ze-asphalt kufanele kuqinisekise ukumeleleka kwamasampula wezinto ezibonakalayo. Amathangi e-asphalt kufanele abe nama-valve esampula azinikele futhi amasampula akufanele athathwe phezulu kwethangi le-asphalt. Ngaphambi kokuthatha amasampula, amalitha angu-1.5 etiyela kufanele akhishwe ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola kumavalvu namapayipi.
(2) Isitsha samasampula kufanele sihlanzeke futhi some. Lebula kahle iziqukathi.
1.2 Ukugcina, ukuthuthwa kanye nokuphathwa kwamaqoqo
(1) Izilinganiso kufanele zipakishwe endaweni eqinile, ehlanzekile. Indawo yokupakisha kufanele ibe nezinsiza ezinhle zokungangeni kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi. Ama-aggregate amahle kufanele ambozwe ngendwangu yesisitho selanga, futhi izilinganiso zemininingwane ehlukene kufanele zihlukaniswe ngezindonga zokuhlukanisa. Lapho unqwabelanisa izinto nge-bulldozer, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubukhulu bengqimba ngayinye akufanele budlule u-1.2m ubukhulu. Ukuphazamiseka kokuqoqiwe kufanele kuncishiswe lapho kupakishwe ngogandaganda, futhi inqwaba akufanele iphushelwe esimweni somkhombe endizeni efanayo.
(2) Iqoqo ngalinye lezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingena esizeni kufanele lithathwe njengesampula futhi lihlaziywe ngokuhambisana nemininingwane yokucaciswa, ukuhlukaniswa, okuqukethwe kodaka, okuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya yenaliti kanye nezinye izici zeqoqo. Kungemva kokuba sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi ifanelekile lapho kungangeniswa khona esizeni ukuze kugxunyekwe, futhi kuzokhishwa nefomu lokwamukela. Zonke izinkomba zokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele zihambisane nemininingwane kanye nezidingo zedokhumenti yomnikazi. Phakathi nenqubo yokwakha, izici zokugreda zenqwaba yezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele zihlolwe njalo futhi ziqashwe ukuze kutholakale izinguquko.
[2]. Ukwakhiwa kwe-aggregate, mineral powder kanye ne-asphalt supply systems
(1) Isilayishi kufanele sibhekane nohlangothi lwenqwaba lapho izinto ezimahhadla zingagingqiki phansi uma zilayisha. Lapho ulayisha, ibhakede elifakwe enqwabeni kufanele lipakishwe phezulu nge-boom, bese lihlehla. Ungasebenzisi Ukumba ngokuzungezisa ibhakede kunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto.
(2) Ezingxenyeni lapho ukuhlukaniswa okusobala kwezinto ezimahhadla kwenzeka, kufanele zixutshwe kabusha ngaphambi kokulayisha; isilayishi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sigcine umgqomo ngamunye wezinto ezibandayo ugcwele ukuvimbela ukuxutshwa ngesikhathi sokulayisha.
(3) Ukugeleza kwempahla ebandayo kufanele kuhlolwe njalo ukuze kugwenywe ukutholakala kwempahla okuhamba kancane kanye nokwanda kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
(4) Ijubane lebhande lokuphakela kufanele ligcinwe ngesivinini esimaphakathi lapho kulinganisa ukukhiqiza, futhi ububanzi bokulungiswa kwesivinini akufanele budlule u-20 kuya ku-80% wejubane.
(5). I-ore powder kufanele ivinjwe ekumunceni umswakama nokunqwabelana. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umoya ocindezelwe osetshenziselwa ukugqashulwa kwe-arch kufanele uhlukaniswe ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba usetshenziswe. Impushana esesisetshenziswa sokudlulisa i-ore powder kufanele ichithwe ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi.
(6) Ngaphambi kokusebenza kwemishini yokuxuba, isithando somlilo samafutha ashisayo kufanele siqale ukushisa itiyela ethangini le-asphalt ekushiseni okushiwo, futhi zonke izingxenye zesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngetiyela kufanele zishiswe ngaphambili. Lapho uqala iphampu ye-asphalt, i-valve yokungena kwamafutha kufanele ivalwe futhi ivunyelwe ukuba ingenzi lutho. Qala, bese uvula kancane kancane i-valve yokufaka amafutha bese ulayisha kancane kancane. Ekupheleni komsebenzi, iphampu yetiyela kufanele ihlehliswe imizuzu embalwa ukuze ipompe itiyela elisepayipini libuyele ethangini letiyela.
[3]. Ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yokomisa nokushisa
(1) Lapho uqala umsebenzi, isigubhu esomisa kufanele siqalwe ngokulawula okwenziwa ngesandla lapho uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngezinto ezibandayo luvalwa. I-burner kufanele ivuthwe futhi isilinda kufanele sishiswe ngomlilo omncane imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 ngaphambi kokulayisha. Lapho ulayisha, inani lokuphakelayo kufanele lenyuswe kancane kancane. Ngokusho kwezinga lokushisa lezinto ezishisayo echwebeni lokukhipha, umthamo wokunikezwa kwamafutha ukhuphuka kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho ivolumu yokukhiqiza eshiwo kanye nezimo zokushisa ezizinzile zifinyelelwa ngaphambi kokushintshela kumodi yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo.
(2) Lapho isimiso sezinto ezibandayo siyeka ngokuzumayo ukuphakela noma kwenzeka ezinye izingozi phakathi nomsebenzi, isishisi kufanele sicishwe kuqala ukuze isigubhu siqhubeke siphenduka. I-fan yokusalungiswa efakiwe kufanele iqhubeke nokudonsa umoya, bese ivala ngemva kokuba isigubhu sipholiswe ngokuphelele. Umshini kufanele uvalwe kancane kancane ngendlela efanayo ekupheleni kosuku lomsebenzi.
(4) Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola ukuthi ithemometha ye-infrared ihlanzekile yini, sula uthuli, futhi ugcine ikhono elihle lokuzwa.
(5) Uma umswakama wento ebandayo uphezulu, isistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo izobe ingasalawuleki futhi izinga lokushisa lizonyakaza liye phezulu naphansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukulawula okwenziwa ngesandla kufanele kusetshenziswe futhi umswakama osele wezinto ezishisayo kufanele uhlolwe. Uma iphezulu kakhulu, umthamo wokukhiqiza kufanele wehliswe.
6) Umswakama osele wezingxenye ezishisayo kufanele uhlolwe njalo, ikakhulukazi ngezinsuku zemvula. Umswakama osele kufanele ulawulwe ngaphansi kuka-0.1%.
(7) Izinga lokushisa legesi ephumayo akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu noma libe phansi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kulawulwa cishe ku-135 ~ 180 ℃. Uma izinga lokushisa legesi ephumayo lihlala liphezulu futhi izinga lokushisa elihlanganisiwe likhuphuka ngokufanele, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu komswakama wezinto ezibandayo. Ivolumu yokukhiqiza kufanele yehliswe ngesikhathi.
(8) Umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwengaphakathi nangaphandle komqoqi wothuli wesikhwama kufanele ugcinwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile. Uma umehluko wengcindezi mkhulu kakhulu, kusho ukuthi isikhwama sivinjwe kakhulu, futhi isikhwama sidinga ukucutshungulwa futhi sishintshwe ngesikhathi.
[4]. Ukwakhiwa kokuhlolwa kwezinto ezishisayo nohlelo lokugcina
(1) Isistimu yokuhlola izinto ezishisayo kufanele ihlolwe njalo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi igcwele kakhulu yini nokuthi isikrini sivinjiwe noma sinezimbobo. Uma kutholakala ukuthi ukunqwabelana kwezinto endaweni yesikrini kuphezulu kakhulu, kufanele kumiswe futhi kulungiswe.
(2) Izinga lokuxutshwa le-2# hot silo kufanele lihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi izinga lokuxutshwa akufanele lidlule ku-10%.
(3) Uma ukunikezwa kwesistimu yezinto ezishisayo kungalingani futhi izinga lokugeleza komgqomo wezinto ezibandayo udinga ukuguqulwa, kancane kancane ulungise. Ukunikezwa kokuphakelayo komgqomo othile akufanele kukhuliswe ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuhlukaniswa kweqoqo kuzothinteka kakhulu.
[5]. Ukwakhiwa kokulawulwa kwamamitha kanye nohlelo lokuxutshwa
(1) Idatha yesisindo yeqoqo ngalinye lengxube erekhodwe yikhompuyutha iyindlela enamandla yokuhlola ukuthi uhlelo lokulawula ukulinganisa lusebenza ngokujwayelekile yini. Ngemva kokuba umshini uvule nsuku zonke futhi umsebenzi uzinzile, idatha enesisindo kufanele iphrintwe ngokuqhubekayo amahora angu-2, futhi amaphutha ayo ahlelekile namaphutha angahleliwe kufanele ahlaziywe. Uma kutholakala ukuthi izidingo zidlula izidingo, umsebenzi wesistimu kufanele uhlolwe ngesikhathi, izizathu kufanele zihlaziywe, futhi kufanele ziqedwe.
(2) Uhlelo lokuxuba akufanele luyeke phakathi nenqubo yokuxuba. Uma okokuxuba kuyeka ukusebenza ngesikhathi kusalinde iloli, ingxube esethangini lokuxuba kufanele ichithwe.
(3) Ngemva kokuba ithangi lokuxuba seliqediwe nsuku zonke, ithange lokuxuba kufanele likhuhle ngezinto ezimbiwa phansi ezishisayo ukuze kukhishwe itiyela elisele ethangini lokuxuba. Ngokuvamile, i-aggregate eqinile kanye nokuhlanganisa okuhle kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukugeza izikhathi ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 ngakunye.
(4) Uma usebenzisa i-hopper yokuphakamisa ukwethula impahla exubile esiseleni somkhiqizo osuphelile, i-hopper kufanele ibekwe phakathi nendawo ukuze ikhiphe, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuhlukaniswa okude kuzokwenzeka emgqonyeni, okungukuthi, impahla emagebhugebhu izogingqika. ohlangothini olulodwa lwesilo.
(5) Uma umshini wokuhambisa umshini usetshenziselwa ukuthulula izinto ezixubile ku-batching hopper bese ufakwa esiseleni somkhiqizo oqediwe, ingxenye yezinto ezixutshiwe kufanele igcinwe ekukhishweni ngakunye kwezithako ukuvimbela impahla exubile edluliswa yisikrufu. ekuweleni ngqo endabeni ngemva kokuba zonke izinto sezikhishiwe. ukuhlukaniswa endaweni yokugcina impahla.
6) Lapho uthulula impahla esiseleni somkhiqizo ophelile iye elolini, iloli alivunyelwe ukuhamba ngesikhathi lithulula kodwa kufanele lithululwe libe yinqwaba. Uma kungenjalo, ukuhlukaniswa okunzima kuzokwenzeka. Abashayeli bamaloli nabo abavunyelwe ukwengeza inani elincane lempahla enqwabeni ukuze bafinyelele umthamo olinganiselwe. kwengxube.
(7) Lapho ukhipha izinto ezivela endaweni yokugcina impahla eqediwe, umnyango wokukhipha kufanele uvule ngokushesha futhi izinto ezixubile akufanele zivunyelwe ukugeleza kancane ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlukaniswa.
(8) Lapho uthulula impahla elolini, akuvunyelwe ukuthulula phakathi nendawo yenqola yamaloli. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikhishelwe ngaphambili enqolobaneni yamaloli, bese ziyiswa ngemuva, bese ziyiswa enkabeni.
[6]. Ukulawula ukuxuba kwengxube ye-asphalt
(1) Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ingxube ye-asphalt, izinkomba ezifana nomthamo kanye nokushisa kokuxuba kwe-asphalt nezinto ezihlukahlukene zamaminerali zingaphrintwa ngokunembile ipuleti ngepuleti, futhi isisindo sengxube ye-asphalt singaphrintwa ngokunembile.
(2) Ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwetiyela. Iphampu ye-asphalt ihlangabezana nezimiso zokumpompa kanye nokukhipha okufanayo futhi ingahlangabezana nezimfuneko zokushisa kongqimba oluphansi lwe-asphalt phakathi kuka-160°C no-170°C kanye nezinga lokushisa lokushisisa le-aggregate yamaminerali phakathi kuka-170°C no-180°C.
(3) Isikhathi sokuxuba kufanele sibe ngendlela yokuthi ingxube yetiyela ixutshwe ngokufanayo, ibe nombala omnyama ogqamile, akukho mhlophe, ukuhlanganisa noma ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye eziwugqinsi nezicolekileyo. Isikhathi sokuxuba silawulwa ukuba sibe imizuzwana emi-5 yokuxuba okomile kanye namasekhondi angu-40 wokuxuba okumanzi (okufunwa umnikazi).
(4) Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuxuba, umqhubi angakwazi ukuqapha idatha yensimbi ehlukahlukene nganoma isiphi isikhathi, abheke isimo sokusebenza kwemishini ehlukahlukene kanye nohlobo lombala wengxube yefekthri, futhi axhumane ngokushesha nelabhorethri futhi enze izinguquko uma kutholakala izimo ezingavamile. .
(5) Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, ikhwalithi yezinto kanye nezinga lokushisa, isilinganiso sokuxutshwa kanye nesilinganiso se-whetstone sengxube kuzohlolwa ngokuhambisana nemvamisa eshiwo kanye nendlela, futhi amarekhodi azokwenziwa ngokulandelana.
[7]. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwengxube ye-asphalt
Izinga lokushisa lokulawula ukwakhiwa kwengxube ye-asphalt njengoba kuboniswe etafuleni elingezansi.
Igama lezinga lokushisa lenqubo ngayinye Izidingo zokulawula izinga lokushisa zenqubo ngayinye
Ukushisa kwe-asphalt ku-160℃～170℃
Amaminerali okushisa okushisa kwe-170℃～180℃
Izinga lokushisa lasembonini lengxube lingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile lika-150℃～165℃.
Izinga lokushisa lengxube elihanjiswa esizeni akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-145℃
Izinga lokushisa lokugandaywa ngu-135℃～165℃
Izinga lokushisa lokugoqa alikho ngaphansi kuka-130 ℃
Izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu ngemuva kokugingqika alikho ngaphansi kuka-90℃
Izinga lokushisa lomgwaqo elivulekile alikho ngaphezulu kuka-50 ℃
[8]. Kulayishwa amaloli ezokuthutha endaweni yokuxuba itiyela
Izimoto ezithutha ingxube ye-asphalt zingaphezu kwe-15t, zihlangabezana nezidingo zokushisa ezishisayo ezinamathani amakhulu, futhi zimbozwe ngokufakwa kweseyili ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Ukuze uvimbele i-asphalt ukuthi inganamatheli enqoleni, ngemva kokuhlanza amapaneli angaphansi kanye namaceleni enqola, sebenzisa ungqimba oluncane lwenhlanganisela yamafutha ashisayo namanzi (amafutha: amanzi = 1: 3) ngokulinganayo ku-chain stainless steel, futhi uhlanze amasondo.
Lapho ulayisha iloli lempahla endaweni yokukhipha impahla, kufanele ihambise indawo yokupaka iye phambili naphambili ngohlelo lwangaphambili, emuva naphakathi. Akumele inqwabelaniswe phezulu ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlukaniswa kwamaholoholo namaqoqo amahle. Ngemuva kokuthi imoto ilayishiwe futhi izinga lokushisa likalwe, ingxube ye-asphalt imbozwa ngokushesha ngokuqinile ngeseyili evikelayo futhi ithuthelwe endaweni yokugandaya kahle.
Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezindlela zokwakha kanye nezinyathelo zokuphatha zesiteshi sokuxuba ukhonkolo we-asphalt, amaphuzu ayinhloko ukulawula ngokuqinile ukuxuba, izinga lokushisa kanye nokulayishwa kwengxube ye-asphalt, kanye nokushisa okuxutshwa nokugoqa kokhonkolo we-asphalt, ngaleyo ndlela. ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokwenza ngcono kwayo yonke intuthuko yokwakhiwa komgwaqo onguthelawayeka.