Ukungena okuthembekile nokusheshayo ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo, ama-emulsions ebhitumeni ama-bitumen ahlanjululwe kalula. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene ezimbonini zokwakha. Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ungqimba lwangaphandle lwendlela noma i-pavement lugcinwa luphephile emanzini noma ekungeneni komswakama. Imelana nokushibilika futhi ivikele imigwaqo emikhulu. Ukusebenza kodwa kuthonywa izici ezihlanganisiwe, ukungaguquguquki kwe-emulsion, kanye nezinga lokushisa.

I-Bitumen Emulsion yenziwa kanjani?
I-emulsion yebitumen ithuthukiswa ngezinyathelo ezimbili ezilula. Amanzi aqala ahlanganiswe ne-emulsifying agent kanye namanye ama-chemical agents. Khona-ke, isigayo se-colloidal sisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amanzi, i-emulsifier, nebitumen. Ngokuya ekusetshenzisweni kokuphela kwe-emulsion yebitumen, inani lebitumen lengezwa kumxube. Lapho i-emulsifier yenziwa njengomkhiqizo oyinhloko, ingasetshenziswa phakathi kuka-60-70%.

Inani elijwayelekile lebitumen elengezwe engxubeni liphakathi kuka-40% no-70%. Isigayo se-colloidal sihlukanisa itiyela libe yizinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu. Isilinganiso sikasayizi wamaconsi cishe ama-microns angu-2. Kodwa amaconsi azama ukuzinza futhi ahlangane. I-emulsifier, ngaleyo ndlela yengezwe, ikhiqiza ukumbozwa kokushaja okungaphezulu eduze kwawo wonke amaconsi etiyela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, okusiza ukuthi amaconsi aqhelelane. Ingxube etholwe esigayweni se-colloidal iyacutshungulwa futhi isetshenziswe ngokweziqondiso futhi kamuva igcinwe emathangeni okugcina.

Izinhlobo zeBitumen:
I-emulsion yebitumen ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili:
Ngokusekelwe esimisweni sesikhathi
Ngokusekelwe ekushajweni okungaphezulu

Ngokusekelwe Esikhathini Sokusetha
Uma ama-emulsions e-bitumen engezwa kuma-aggregates, amanzi ayahwamuka, futhi i-solvent iyasuswa. Khona-ke itiyela ligeleza phezu kwesisekelo esihlanganisiwe, lisebenza njenge-ejenti ebophayo futhi liziqinisa kancane kancane. Le nqubo ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu alandelayo, kuye ngesivinini amanzi ahwamuka ngaso kanye nezinhlayiya zebitumen zihlakazeka emanzini:
I-Rapid Setting Emulsion (RS)
I-Medium Setting Emulsion (MS)
I-Slow Setting Emulsion (SS)

Ibitumen ihloselwe ukuphuka kalula njengoba i-emulsion iwuhlobo olusetha ngokushesha lwe-emulsion. Lolu hlobo lwe-emulsion lubeka kalula futhi luphulukise. Uma esebekwe kuma-aggregates, ama-emulsions we-medium setting awaqhekeki ngokungalindelekile. Kodwa-ke, lapho izingcezu zamatshe amaminerali zihlanganiswa nengxube ye-emulsifier ehlanganisiwe, inqubo yokuphuka iyaqala. Ama-emulsions okusetha kancane adalwa ngosizo lohlobo olukhethekile lwe-emulsifier olubambezela inqubo yokumisa. Lawa mafomu e-emulsion aqinile kakhulu.

Ngokusekelwe ku-Surface Charge
Ama-emulsion webitumen ahlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ngamaqembu amathathu alandelayo kuye ngohlobo lwe-surface charge:
I-Anionic Bitumen Emulsion
I-Cationic Bitumen Emulsion
I-emulsion ye-Bitumen engeyona ye-Ionic

Izinhlayiya zebitumen zishajwa i-electro-negatively uma kwenzeka i-amulsion ye-anionic bitumen, kanti esimweni se-cationic emulsion, izinhlayiya ze-bituminous zine-electro-positive. Namuhla, i-emulsion ye-cationic yebitumen isetshenziswa kaningi. Ngokusekelwe ekubunjweni kwamaminerali we-aggregate esetshenziselwa ukwakha, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-emulsion ye-bitumen. Ukwakheka kwama-aggregate kuba yi-electro-negatively charges ezimeni zama-silica-rich aggregates. Ngakho-ke, i-emulsion ye-cationic kufanele yengezwe. Lokhu kusiza ukusabalalisa itiyela nokuyihlanganisa nama-aggregate ngokuphumelelayo. Ukuze uthole izixazululo ezinamanzi, ama-non-ionic surfactants awahehi ama-ion. I-solubility isekelwe ekubeni khona kwama-molecule e-polar. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-nonionic surfactants njenge-emulsifier, nakuba kungekona nje kunqubo yamanzi, kodwa esigabeni sebitumen, njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu njengoba kuhambisana nawo wonke ama-surfactants e-ion.

Ayikho i-emulsion yanoma yiluphi uhlobo eyanele umsebenzi ngamunye; kuncike ku-acidic noma imvelo eyisisekelo ye-aggregate. Ngokusekelwe ekushiseni komoya, isivinini somoya kanye nosayizi we-emulsion, isikhathi sokusetha singahluka. Amandla okugcina mancane. Isigaba esingenhla siwumhlahlandlela wokukhetha okufanayo okulungile kwezidingo zakho.