Ungaba kanjani u-opharetha wesitshalo sokuxuba i-asphalt ofanelekayo? Okokuqala, opharetha kufanele abe nekhono esakhiweni nasezimisweni zokusebenza zengxenye ngayinye yesiteshi sokuxuba. Ngalesi sisekelo, lawula ngokuqinile yonke imininingwane yokukhiqiza, ikakhulukazi uhlelo lwe-metering, ngoba ikhwalithi yomsebenzi wokulinganisa izothinta ngqo ikhwalithi yengxube ye-asphalt. Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe.
Mayelana nesistimu yokulinganisa itshe, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi:
(1) Gcina umnyango ngamunye wokuthulula uvuliwe futhi uvale ngendlela evumelana nezimo futhi ngokushesha;
(2) Imbobo yokukhipha amanzi ngayinye kufanele igcinwe icacile futhi ingenayo inzika ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi itshe likwazi ukugeleza phansi ngokushesha nangokulinganayo ngesikhathi sokulinganisa;
(3) Umnyango ngamunye wokuthulula kufanele uvalwe ngokushesha futhi uvalwe kahle. Akumele kube nokuvuza kwempahla ekupheleni kokulinganisa okukodwa;
(4) Indawo ezungeze i-aggregate hopper kumele igcinwe ihlanzekile futhi akumele kube khona into yangaphandle ukugwema ukuminyanisa i-hopper. I-aggregate hopper yokukala kufanele igcinwe imisiwe ngokuphelele ngaso sonke isikhathi;
(5) Ukulayisha kuqala kweseli ngalinye lomthwalo ohlanganisiwe kufanele lilinganise, amandla kufanele ahambisane, futhi okokungeniswa kufanele kube bucayi.
Kuzinhlelo ze-powder metering, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele aqashelwe:
(1) Gcina ipayipi elidlulisa impushana libushelelezi futhi ngaphandle kokuvaleka;
(2) Isiphakeli noma ivalvu kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinile futhi akukho mpushana ezovuza lapho ukulinganisa sekuqediwe;
(3) Njalo khipha uthuli kanye nemfucumfucu ku-powder metering hopper ukuze uyigcine ihlanzekile;
(4) Lonke uhlelo lokulinganisa kufanele luvalwe kahle ukuze kuvinjwe impushana ekubeni imanzise futhi igxume;
(5) Isikali sempushana kufanele sikhishwe kahle, futhi akumele kube khona impushana esele ngaphakathi kwesikali. Umnyango wokuphuma kufanele uvalwe ngokuqinile, futhi akukho powder okufanele kuvuze ngesikhathi sokulinganisa.
Naka okulandelayo kuma-asphalt metering systems:
(1) Ngaphambi kokuqala ukukhiqiza, ipayipi kufanele lishiswe ngokugcwele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lokushisa letiyela ohlelweni lifinyelela inani elishiwo;
(2) Ipayipi lokufafaza ngetiyela kufanele lihlanzeke futhi libushelelezi, futhi ingxenye yombhobho akufanele ivalwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ukufutha ngeke kulingane futhi umphumela wokuxutshwa uzophazamiseka;
(3) Iphampu ye-asphalt spray noma ivalvu yokuvula kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho ukuconsa ngemva kokuqedwa kokufuthwa kwetiyela;
(4) Isenzo sevalvu yokushintsha imitha ye-asphalt kufanele ibe nenembile futhi ifike ngesikhathi, futhi ukuvala kufanele kube kuhle. Umphongolo wemitha ye-asphalt kufanele ulengiswe uqine futhi uguquguquke.
Kuwo wonke uhlelo lokulinganisa lwesitshalo se-asphalt, opharetha kufanele aluhlole njalo. Hlola ukuthi isikali ngasinye sokukala simiswe ngokuphelele yini nokuthi ingabe ikhona yini into enamathelayo. Hlola ukuthi ingabe inzwa ngayinye yokukala iyasebenza ngokujwayelekile nokuthi ingabe i-induction iyazwela yini. Qinisekisa njalo ukuze wenze inani elibonisiwe lihambisane nenani langempela. Uma kukhona inkinga etholakalayo, yixazulule ngesikhathi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlelo lokulinganisa luhlala lusesimweni esihle sokusebenza.
Okwesibili, umqhubi kufanele aqongelele ulwazi olucebile futhi akwazi ukubona ukwehluleka okuningi kwemishini futhi axazulule futhi asuse izingozi ezifihliwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokuvela kwephutha, kufanele kugwetshwe ngokunembile futhi kuqedwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okuvamile komshini. Ukufeza lokhu, ngaphezu kokugcina imishini ngesikhathi esifanele ngokwemithethonqubo, opharetha kufanele enze lokhu okulandelayo:
(1) Umsebenzisi kufanele agade njalo, abheke ngokucophelela, futhi ahlole ngokucophelela izingxenye ezinyakaziswa njalo. Hlola ukuthi izixhumanisi zikhululekile yini, ukuthi ukugcoba kuhle yini, ukuthi ukunyakaza kuyavumelana nezimo, noma kukhona ukugqoka okungavamile, njll., futhi ubhekane nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngesikhathi;
(2) Lapho umshini wokuxuba uzungeza, lalela ngezindlebe zakho, cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho, futhi uqonde wonke umsindo. Uma kukhona imisindo engajwayelekile. Kuyadingeka ukuthola imbangela futhi ubhekane nayo ngendlela efanele;
(3) Yiba nekhono ekuboneni amaphunga ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, uma izinga lokushisa likawoyela liphezulu kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lokukhipha ugesi lingaphezu komkhawulo, amasekhethi kanye nezinto zikagesi zifinyezwa futhi zishiswe, ukushisa ngokweqile okubangelwa ukungqubuzana okungavamile, izinto zikagesi namasekhethi zigcwele ngokweqile futhi zibangela ukushisa okukhulu, njll. bazokhipha amaphunga ahlukene. Ngamaphunga ahlukene, ukwehluleka okuyingxenye kungalindeleka.
Kafushane, umqhubi kufanele anake ukubukeka nombala, asebenzise izinzwa ezihlukahlukene futhi asebenzise amathuluzi ahlukene ukuze aqonde lonke ushintsho olungavamile, aluhlaziye ngokucophelela, athole izizathu, futhi athole izingozi ezifihliwe. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesiteshi sokuxuba, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezingxenye, okuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokulawula zikagesi negesi, izinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ngetiyela, amasistimu omlilo, amasistimu okulinganisa amamitha, izinhlelo zokususa uthuli, njll. Kunzima kakhulu ku-opharetha ukwazi konke. izingxenye futhi wahlulele ngokunembile futhi uqede wonke amaphutha ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuba ngu-opharetha omuhle, kufanele ubhekisise, ucabange njalo, ufinyeze ngokucophelela, futhi uhlale uqongelela ulwazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kokuba nekhono ezintweni zokusebenza, abaqhubi kufanele babe nolwazi lokulawula ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Okusho ukuthi, bajwayele izinga lokushisa, isilinganiso samafutha-itshe, ukuhlukaniswa, njll kwengxube ye-asphalt, futhi bangenza izinqumo zobuchwepheshe engxubeni ngekhono, futhi bahlaziye futhi baxazulule izinkinga engxubeni ngesikhathi esifanele.
(1) Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kwengxube:
Izinga lokushisa lengxube lingenye yezindlela zokuhlolwa kokufaneleka kwengxube. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu noma liphansi kakhulu, lizoba yimfucuza futhi ngeke likwazi ukusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokulawula izinga lokushisa ingelinye lamakhono ayisisekelo okufanele abaqhubi babe nawo.
Izinto ezithinta izinga lokushisa lengxube zihlanganisa ikhwalithi yamafutha. Uma izinga likaphethiloli limpofu, inani le-calorific liphansi, futhi ukushiswa akwanele, kuzobangela ukuba itshe lishise lingazinzile, izinga lokushisa lizoba liphansi, futhi insalela yomlilo izohlala ingxube, ithinte kakhulu izinga lengxube. Uma i-viscosity yamafutha iphezulu kakhulu, okuqukethwe kokungcola kuphezulu, futhi okuqukethwe kwamanzi kuphezulu. Izodala ubunzima bokuvutha, ukuvaleka kwamapayipi, nokulawula izinga lokushisa. Umswakama wezinto ezingavuthiwe ungenye into ethinta izinga lokushisa. Impahla eluhlaza inomswakama omkhulu futhi ayilingani. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukushisa okushisa kwetshe kunzima ukulawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sobuchwepheshe sesistimu yokuvutha, ingcindezi yepompo yokuhlinzeka uphethiloli, kanye nenani lomjovo kaphethiloli konke kuhlobene nezinga lokushisa lengxube. Ukwehluleka okufana nokuguga, ukuvuza komoya, nokuvinjwa kwesistimu yokuvutha kuvimbela ingxenye ngayinye ukuthi igcine ukusebenza kwayo kwasekuqaleni, okuholela ekucindezelekeni kwesistimu ephansi, ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli okungazinzile, umphumela wokusha kwe-athomu ongemuhle, futhi kuthinte ngokujulile izinga lokushisa elinyakazayo.
Ngakho-ke, opharetha abanolwazi kufanele bakwazi ukwahlulela ngokunembile izinga likaphethiloli, ukoma nokumanzi kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nesimo sokusebenza sohlelo lomlilo. Thatha izinyathelo ezifanele ngokushesha lapho izinkinga zitholwa. Nakuba imishini yanamuhla yokuxuba inamandla okulawula izinga lokushisa okuzenzakalelayo, isilawuli sezinga lokushisa sine-lag ngoba sidinga inqubo kusukela ekutholeni izinga lokushisa kuya ekungezeni nasekukhipheni amalangabi ukuze kulungiswe izinga lokushisa. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isiteshi sokuxuba izinga lokushisa asikhiqizi imfucuza, umqhubi kufanele abheke ngokucophelela izinga lokushisa, abikezele imiphumela yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kusenesikhathi, futhi anyuse mathupha noma ehlise ilangabi noma anyuse noma ehlise inani lokuphakelayo ukuze alawule ukushiswa kwezinga lokushisa. izinga lokushisa liyashintsha ukuze imiphumela yoshintsho Ungadluli uhla olushiwo, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise noma uqede udoti.
(2) Ukulawula ukugreda kwengxube:
Ukwehlukaniswa kwengxube kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kwe-pavement. Uma ukuhlukaniswa kwengxube kungenangqondo, i-pavement izohlushwa ezinye izifo ezifana ne-void ratio enkulu noma encane, ukungena kwamanzi, ukugoqa, njll., okuzonciphisa impilo yesevisi ye-pavement futhi kuthinte kakhulu izinga lephrojekthi. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula ukugreda kwengxube nakho kungelinye lamakhono umsebenzi okufanele abe nawo.
Izinto ezithinta ukuhlelwa kwengxube zihlanganisa: izinguquko kusayizi wezinhlayiya zempahla eluhlaza, izinguquko kusikrini sesiteshi sokuxuba, ububanzi bephutha lokulinganisa, njll.
Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana zezinto zokusetshenziswa buthinta ngokuqondile ukuhlukaniswa kwengxube. Uma kutholakala izinguquko ezintweni ezingavuthiwe, osebenza naye kufanele abambisane nelabhorethri ukuze alungise isilinganiso semiksi yokukhiqiza. Ukuguqulwa kwesikrini sezinto ezishisayo esiteshini sokuxuba kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ukuhlukaniswa kwengxube. Uma isikrini sivalekile futhi okokusebenza okushisayo kungahlolisiswa ngokwanele, ukudidiyela kuzoba kuncane. Uma isikrini siphukile, sonakalisiwe, sivuza, noma sigqokwa ngaphezu komkhawulo, , kuzokwenza inhlanganisela ye-gradation ibe maholoholo; iphutha lokulinganisa lesiteshi sokuxuba liphinde lithinte ngqo ukugreda. Uma uhla lwephutha lokulinganisa lulungiswa lwaba lukhulu kakhulu, isilinganiso semiksi yokukhiqiza sizochezuka kakhulu esilinganisweni senhlanganisela eqondiwe, okulimaza kakhulu ikhwalithi yengxube. Uma ububanzi bephutha lokulinganisa bulungiswa buncane kakhulu, buzokhuphula isikhathi sokulinganisa futhi buthinte okukhiphayo. Kuzophinde kubangele ukuthi ukulinganisa kuvame ukweqa umkhawulo futhi kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwesiteshi sokuxuba.
Ngamafuphi, opharetha kufanele anake kakhulu izinguquko zezinto zokusetshenziswa, ahlole isikrini njalo, axazulule izinkinga ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi alungise ibanga lokulinganisa libe sesimweni esihle kakhulu ngokuya ngezici zesiteshi sokuxuba nezinye izici. Cabangela ngokucophelela ezinye izici ezithinta ukugreda ukuze uqinisekise isilinganiso sokuxuba sengxube ye-jet Mill.
(3) Ukulawulwa kwesilinganiso samafutha netshe lengxube:
Isilinganiso sengxube ye-asphalt-stone sinqunywa ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto zamaminerali kanye nokuqukethwe kwempushana. Kuyisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo samandla omgwaqo kanye nokusebenza kwawo. Itiyela eliningi noma elincane kakhulu lizodala izifo ezihlukene endaweni egandayiwe.
Ngakho-ke, ukulawula ngokuqinile inani letiyela kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula ukukhiqiza. Abasebenzisi kufanele banake izici ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza:
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, zama ukulungisa uhla lwephutha lokulinganisa i-asphalt lube luncane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uzuze isilinganiso esihle kakhulu se-asphalt; inani le-powder eyengeziwe liphinde libe yisici esibalulekile esithinta isilinganiso se-asphalt-stone, ngakho-ke ukulinganiswa kwe-powder kumele futhi kulawulwe ngokucophelela; ngokusho kokuqukethwe kothuli lwe-aggregate emihle, yenza ukulungiswa okunengqondo Ukuvulwa kwefeni yokusalungiswa eyenziwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kothuli kungxube kungaphakathi kwebanga lokuklama.
